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Quality management

Learn the fundamentals of quality management from historical perspectives to modern practices, tools, and success strategies. Dive into quality by product, process, customer, and more.

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Quality management

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  1. Quality management Sandor Lajos Kovacs

  2. Contacts • kovacs.sandor@science.unideb.hu • Chemistry building 516/A

  3. Literature • Mainly: Theseslides (http://applchem.science.unideb.hu/oldal/oktatas/en) • Forqualitylovers: • Carl L., Pritchard PMP, PMI-RMP, EVP: Risk Management • Stamatis, D. H.: FailureModeand EffectAnalysis • John Jeston, JohanNelis: Business ProcessManagement • Internet • Journals • Blogs • Ect.

  4. Aboutthiscourse • 1 credit • 1 hour/week, butwecontractedit • 2hours/week, whichmeans 5 or 6 ocassions • The course ending dependsonyou: • Oralexam • Test (7th occassion) • Essay (2 occassionsforconsultations)

  5. Scheme • Introduction • Auditation • Qualitysystems • TQM and EFQM • TQM tools

  6. Introduction

  7. Definiton of quality • Qualitybyproduct • Thiskind of qualityrefersto a property of theproduct, thattheproduct has orhasnot • Ifsome of theproperties of theitem is desirableorattractivethequality of theitem is higher • Qualitybyprocess • Quality is a property of a process, whichmeansthatacompany is capableforproducingdifferentproductsusingtheirtools and otherresources • Qualitybythecustomer • Qualityis an ability, thatmeanswearetryingtoapproachthecustomer’sdemands and expectations

  8. Qualityby a politician (Margaret Thacher) • Quality is thatevent, whenthebuyercomes back, nottheproduct.

  9. History of quality • BC.17th century: • Babylon • Hammurapy’slaws • The collection of ruleswerewritten • Firstwrittenlaws • BC. 15th century: • Egypt • Book of thedead (createdbypharaos) • Writtenqualityrulesforrichpeople’sfunerals • Thesequalityrulesweresignedbythesuperintendent of Necropolis

  10. History of quality • BC. 8th centruy: • Rome • About 100 standardsareknown • Example: • A wallhaveto be 20 foot (6.1 meter) high and havetocontainmainlyflint and limestone

  11. History of quality • 12th centruy: • Highvalue and qualitymetals (gold, silver) wereplate-marked • Presence of guilds • Long timelearning and practicingwith a chosenmaster • The apprenticehaveto go for a longjourneytolearnothermatters • Creation of masterpiece • Allowtojoinorcreate a guild

  12. Whatifquality is onlymeans 99%? • 20.000 letterwoulddisappear per hour • Tapwaterwould be dirty and toxicfor 15 minuteseveryday • 5000 operationscouldhavebadoutcome • Doctorswouldsuggest 200.000 wrongmedicineeveryyear • Therewouldnot be eletricityfor almost 7 hourseverymonth

  13. Whataretheguidelines of quality? • Money • Markets • Management • Men • Motivation • Materials • Machines and mechanization • Modern informationmethods • Mountingproductrequirements

  14. Wrongqualityin business • Efficiency • Decreasingcompetitiveness • Increasingproductdefects • Risingcomplaints • Low profit • Development • Business developmentstops • Growth of thecompanywillnotcontinue

  15. Measurement of quality • Numericalparameters • Geometrics • Size • tolerance • Materials • Chemicalcompounds • Physicalproperties • Technologies • Wielding • Surface • Termalwork

  16. Notnumericalparameters • Esthetics • Constructiondirections • Function • Usage • Repearing • Servicing • Installation Specifications

  17. Development of qualitysystems

  18. Frederick Winslow Taylor • He suggestedthatproduction has to be separatedfromplanning • First management tools and organisations • Beforetheprocesswehavetocheck (parameters, machines, employees)

  19. Walter A. Shewhart • Fundamentals of PDCA cycle

  20. W. Edwards Deming • His main purposewasmakingdifferencebetweentheleaders and theemployers • Founder of statistical management • Quality is dependingonthemanagers’ acts and decisions

  21. Joseph M. Juran • Creator of project teams • Jurantrilogy: • Planning • Checking • Developing

  22. Philip B. Crosby • Writer of Quality is free (1979) • 4 principals • Definition of quality • Qualitysystems • Zerodefect • Price of quality • Qualityhavetomeettherequirementsnottheelegance

  23. KaoruIshikawa • Qualityneedstoreacheverylevel of theprocess (starting withthebasics) • Continousdevelopment • Ishikawaplot (fishboneplot)

  24. Standards • ISO (internationalOrganisationforStandardization) • Contains more than 100 nationsorganisations

  25. Howto be successful? • Appearance

  26. Howto be successful? • Balance

  27. Howto be successful? • Makelong-termplan

  28. Economicway

  29. Society way

  30. Plan-Do-Check-ActCycle (PDCA Cycle) • PDCA cycle is one of the simplest and the easiest management approaches for process control and continuous improvement. • PDCA – stands for Plan – Do – Check – Act • Deming’s cycle or Shewhartcycle • PDSA cycle: Plan-do-Study-Act

  31. Origin of the PDCA Cycle • Proposedby Shewhart in 1950s • Firstit has free components: • Specification – Production – Inspection • Thisprocess is thebasicproducionimprovementtool • Atthelate 50’s Damingrecreatethecycleasthewell-knownform: • PDCA • It’s a framework that helps you change and improve your processes.

  32. Whentouse PDCA? • As a model for continuous improvement. • When starting a new improvement project. • When developing a new or improved design of a process, product or service. • When defining a repetitive work process. • When planning data collection and analysis in order to verify and prioritize problems or root causes. • When implementing any change

  33. Applications of the PDCA Cycle • PDCA cycle is mainly used in software field for Software development lifecycle. • It is used in manufacturing and Service industries for new product development. • It also finds its place in Project Management of any nature.

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