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Plant Science

Plant Science. Germination. What is a seed Requirements for germination How does a seed germinate Parts and Function of Monocot Seed Parts and Function of Dicot seed Process of germination and emergence . What is a seed?. A Seed is.

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Plant Science

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  1. Plant Science

  2. Germination • What is a seed • Requirements for germination • How does a seed germinate • Parts and Function of Monocot Seed • Parts and Function of Dicot seed • Process of germination and emergence

  3. What is a seed?

  4. A Seed is • Young embryonic plant in a dormant or resting stage with a supply of food and 1 or more seed coats.

  5. Three Basic Parts of Seed Parts • Embryo 2. Food Supply 3. Ovary wall or seed coat

  6. Requirements for Germination • Favorable Temperatures • Sufficient Moisture • Air (Oxygen) • Presence or absence of light

  7. Seed Germination • Absorption of Water • Absorbs 35-100 % of their weight • Causes seed coat to swell

  8. Seed Germination 2. Seed Proteins are activated, which activates the enzyme system a. Stimulates enzyme system b. Requires more moisture and oxygen

  9. Seed Germination 3. Seed root (radical) emerges. a. Anchors root to soil

  10. Seed Germination 4. Seed’s plumule or embryonic shoot begins to emerge. a. Shoot will push its way up through soil to the sunlight

  11. Seed Germination 5. Leaves Form and food production via photosynthesis starts.

  12. Monocot Seed Parts: • Seed coat • Endosperm • Embryo • Cotyledon • Epicotyl • Hypocotyl • Radicle

  13. Monocot Seed • Seed Coat- tissue surrounding the embryo, protects the inner parts

  14. Monocot Seed • Endosperm- source of starch or energy (food) until germination is complete

  15. Monocot Seed • Embryo- contains cotyledon, which breaks down the starch in the endosperm to provide food for the embryo

  16. Monocot Seed • Epicotyl- shoot above the cotyledon

  17. Monocot Seed • Hypocotyle- stem below cotyledon

  18. Monocot Seed • Radicle- develops into primary root of the plant. • Absorbs water during germination • Radicle dies after permanent roots form

  19. Monocot Seed

  20. Dicot Seed • Seed Coat • Embryo • Two cotyledons • Epicotyl • Hypocotyl • Radicle

  21. Dicot Seed • Seed Coat- protection

  22. Dicot Seed • Embryo- miniature plant containing: • Two cotyledons • Epicotyl • Hypocotyl • Radicle

  23. Dicot Seed • Two Cotyldons- seed leaves, food storage

  24. Dicot Seed • Epicotyl- first true leaves, shoot, and everything above the cotyledon

  25. Dicot Seed • Hypocotyl- first true stem between root and first node of the stem, pulls the seed upward

  26. Dicot Seed • Radicle- forms the root system; absorbs water

  27. Germination and Emergence : Monocot Seed • Seed Swells

  28. Germination and Emergence : Monocot Seed 2. Radicle grows down

  29. Germination and Emergence : Monocot Seed 3. First internode and epicotyl grow up

  30. Germination and Emergence : Monocot Seed 4. After epicotyl emerges new leaves form and food production starts

  31. Germination and Emergence : Monocot Seed 5. New root system develops above the first internode just beneath the soil

  32. Germination and Emergence : Monocot Seed 6. Temporary root system ceases to function and dies

  33. Germination and Emergence : Dicot Seed 1. Seed swell

  34. Germination and Emergence : Dicot Seed 2. Radicle grows down

  35. Germination and Emergence : Dicot Seed 3. Hypocotyle elongates • Forms an arch that breaks soil surface

  36. Germination and Emergence : Dicot Seed 4. Hypocotyl reaches light, elongation ceases and hypocotyl straightens up pulling cotyledons out of soil

  37. Germination and Emergence : Dicot Seed 5. Cotyledons turn green and manufacture food until new leaves develop

  38. Germination and Emergence : Dicot Seed 6. As new leaves develop, the cotyledons die, dry up, and fall off

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