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Uzbekistan. Ethnic Composition. Uzbek: 71.4% Russian: 8.3% Tajik: 4.7% Kazakh: 4.1% Tatar: 2.4% Karakalpak: 2.1% Other: 7.0%. 1986. January: CPU Politburo purged Yegor Ligachev replaces Aliev as head of investigation August: Minister of Cotton Production sentenced to death
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Ethnic Composition • Uzbek: 71.4% • Russian: 8.3% • Tajik: 4.7% • Kazakh: 4.1% • Tatar: 2.4% • Karakalpak: 2.1% • Other: 7.0%
1986 • January: CPU Politburo purged • Yegor Ligachev replaces Aliev as head of investigation • August: Minister of Cotton Production sentenced to death • Gorbachev announces “uncompromising” struggle against religion
1987 • Results of investigation published • 2600 arrested • Media makes “Uzbekistan” and “corruption” synonymous • Uzbeks become resentful
1988 • Russian Orthodox Millenium widely celebrated • Uzbek party boss arrested • 58,000 purged from CPU • New Uzbek Mufti elected • December 3: large nationalist demonstration
1989 • May: Birlik Halk Harakiti founded • June: Ferghana Valley Riots • July: Gorbachev appoints Islam Karimov head of CPU • October: Major Birlik demonstrations
1990 • March: Birlik begins publishing journals • May: Birlik overpowers Communist Party • June: Islamic Renaissance Party founded in Astrakhan • October: Karimov elected president
1991 • August: Karimov supports coup • December 29: Karimov elected president • December 30: Demonstrations begin
1992 • February: James Baker visits Tashkent • March: US Embassy opens • April: crackdowns begin • Summer: Wahhabis become active in Ferghana Valley
Uzbek Opposition Groups • Birlik: Pan-Turkic, moderate Islam, political • Erk: Pan-Turkic, political • Islamic Renaissance Party: Pan-Islamic, political, now active only in Tajikistan • Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan: Pan-Islamic, military