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Ch.44 Controlling the Internal Environment

Ch.44 Controlling the Internal Environment. I. Thermoregulation II. Osmoregulation III. Excretion. Thermoregulation. Heat exchange review Fig 44.1. Ectothermy example: Endothermy example:. Thermoregulation p.871. Feedback mechanisms (Fig 44.8) Hypothalamus control (Ch 48)

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Ch.44 Controlling the Internal Environment

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  1. Ch.44 Controlling the Internal Environment I. Thermoregulation II. Osmoregulation III. Excretion

  2. Thermoregulation • Heat exchange review Fig 44.1 • Ectothermy example: • Endothermy example:

  3. Thermoregulation p.871 • Feedback mechanisms (Fig 44.8) • Hypothalamus control (Ch 48) • Responses to high body temp? • Responses to low body temp? • Acclimatization (some mammalian cell proteins) • Torpor • (hibernation, estivation)

  4. Water Balance & Waste Disposal • p. 873 • Nitrogenous wastes: • Ammonia, urea, uric acid (fig44.10) • Osmoregulation: (fig 44.11) • Stenohaline, euryhaline • Anhydrobiosis (water bears p. 879)

  5. Salt water fish Fresh water fish

  6. Excretory Systems p.879 Fig 44.18, anatomy terms

  7. Excretory Systems p.879 What is the function of the kidneys? 1. Filtration • NEPHRONS of the kidneys • Blood pressure forces blood into the glomerulus; water,urea, small solutes are forced through the filter. • Nonselective filtration

  8. Excretory Systemsin the Nephron • Proximal tubuleLoop of HenleyDistal tubule (collecting duct) • 99% of water is reabsorbed back into the body

  9. Excretory Systems: in the Nephron • Reabsorption • Sugar, vitamins, nutrients, water • Some salts

  10. Excretory Systems • Feedback circuits: • ADH, hypothalamus • RAAS (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system) • ANF (atrial natriuretic factor)

  11. Excretory Systems

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