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Gut tie in bullock and Perineal hernia in dog. GUT TIE IN BULLOCKS.
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GUT TIE IN BULLOCKS This is a type of intra abdominal hernia and it is also known as pelvic hernia and peritoneal hernia. This is formed by the passage of a portion of intestine either through a tear in the fold of serous membrane suspending the spermatic cord in the sub lumbar region or through a herinal ring like passage formed betwaeenadhesion of the cut end of the spermatic cord to the abdominal wall and the lateral abdominal wall
Incidence: Found in bullocks only; however the condition is very rare Etiology • Retraction of the cut end of the spermatic card into the abdominal cavity during castration and formation of adhesion between the cut end of the spermatic cord and the abdominal wall. • Gut tie occurs only on right side because rumen prevents the herniation on the left side.
Symptoms • Clinical symptoms are usually absent unless there is strangulation. When strangulation occurs animal exhibits signs of intestinal obstruction (Frequent lying down and getting up; looking towards the flank; attempting defecation) • In some cases the symptoms are noticed for a few days followed by spontaneous relief.
Diagnosis • Pain is evinced when pressure is exerted on the right flank By rectal examination. The distended and herniated portion of the bowels and the stretched spermatic cord can be palpated. Treatment • By making the animal jump from a height or making it walk down an inclination may sometime reduce the hernia. • Attempts may be made to reduce the hernia through rectal palpation. • Radical surgery is by making a right flank laparotomy and severing the adhered spermatic cord with aconcealed knife.
This disease is most predominantly seen in old uncastrated male dogs. Though the condition is reported in bitches and cats, the incidence is rare. • Etiology Weakening of the pelvic diaphragm and hernia can occur due to the following factors. • Hormonal disorders, Prostatic diseases,Rectal diseases andAnatomical factors – rectal deviations, diverticula etc.,
Symptoms • Fluctuating /hard swelling ventral and lateral to the anus (in the ischiorectalfossa) • Swelling may be unilateral or bilateral • The hernial contents are usually rectum, enlarged prostate and perineal fat. Retroflexion of the bladder is not uncommon. Incarceration of bladder in the perineal hernia should be considered as an emergency. • Hard swelling should be differentiated from perianal neoplasm
Diagnosis • Diagnosis should be made from clinical signs. • Contrast radiography with barium enema will help to differentiate rectal deviation from rectal diverticulum. • Ultra sound scan will be useful to identify a retroflexed bladder. • Precise anatomical correction of perineal hernia is mandatory for successful outcome. • Many techniques are available for correction of the defect
Conventional method • The animal is restrained in ventral recumbency in an inclined position with the hind quarters elevated. The tail is lifted up and tied in front. • An incision is made over the swelling. The contents are reduced. The structures are identified and the correction is made in the following manner. • The medial cocygeus muscle is sutured to the external anal sphincter on the dorsal aspect. The sacro sciatic ligament is anchored to the external anal sphincter on the lateral aspect and the internal obturator muscle on the pelvic floor is sutured to the external anal sphincter on the ventral aspect. Surgical Manegment
Internal obturator flap • In this technique the internal obturator flap is elevated from the pelvic floor using a periosteal elevator and sutured to the medial coccygeus, levatorani and external anal sphincter. • The advantage of this technique is that it acts as a sling to suspend the rectum and does not cause undue tension on the external anal sphincter as in the conventional technique. • Recurrent perineal hernia can be corrected using techniques such as semitendinosus muscle and reinforcement with tensor fascia lata
