Conclusion

1. Supports to Live in Community Striving to Provide Care for People With Developmental Disability Through Community • More Autonomy and Decision-Making • Coordination of Service David Pham University of California, San Diego, Urban Studies and Planning Senior Sequence Project Conclusion • The theoretical integration model describes how a nonprofit organization integrates the people with ID/DD into community • The model requires two components, human relation and diverse and connected staff, for the people with ID/DD to live in community • These two components require a large nonprofit organization to sufficiently: • Give the person with ID/DD adaptive skills to be more autonomous and engage in decision-making • Coordinate various services and programs to meet the various needs of the person with ID/DD • Arc of San Diego is one of the largest nonprofit organizations in San Diego County. • While the space for housing and medical treatment for people with ID/DD is placed in the community, it does not always say whether they are safe or members in the community • The person’s perspective of their place in community are influenced by how people with severe disabilities received the care they need and the strength of their relationship with the staff Abstract ResearchQuestion • Group homes are not seen as places where people with intellectual disability or developmental disability (ID/DD) can live safely at the local communities • There has been a history of exploitation and distrust from the institution in hospitals and community since the late 19thcentury • The concepts of today’s literature state that individuals with a disability can live independently in the community2,3 • The population struggled to live in community because they lacked access to resource and have little to no adaptive behavior • The nonprofit organization, Arc of San Diego, integrates people with ID/DD into community through two components, human relations and diverse and connected staff • How does a nonprofit organization, specifically Arc of San Diego, plays a role in the process of integration between people with developmental disability and community at the institutional level? Results Integration Model • Source: Nathaniel Brooks for The New York Times1 • Source: Andre Nantel People with ID/DD Literature Cited • Hakim, Danny. "At State-Run Homes, Abuse and Impunity." New York Times. March 12, 2011. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/13 /nyregion/13homes.html?scp=1&sq=people%20with%20disability%20lost%20 checks&st=cse (accessed November 7, 2011). • National Disability Coalition. "Inclusive Livable Communities for People with Psychiatric Disabilities." March 17, 2008. http://www.ncd.gov/ publications/2008/03172008#_edn4 (accessed October 18, 2011). • Young, Sharon L. and David S. Ensing. "Exploring recovery from the perspective of people with psychiatric disabilities." Winter 1999. http://med.monash.edu.au/spppm/research/southernsynergy/mapcd /documents/exploring_recovery.pdf (accessed October 18, 2011). • Test, Mary Ann, Ph.D, and Leonard I. Stein, M.D. "Alternative to Mental Hospital Treatment, I: Conceptual Model, Treatment Program, and Clinical Evaluation." Archives of General Psychiatry 37 (April 1980): 392-397. Research Design • Archival records of assertive community treatment (ACT)4 • Participate observation of the group homes at undisclosed location Activities Residents Did in the Community Acknowledgment First, I want to thank God for the strength and knowledge to do the research and the internship. Second, I want to thank Hans Hassell for feedback and peer support to the research, and Professor Keith Pezzoli for the support, the conversations and connecting me to the internship. I want to thank Professor Andrew Scull to help me understand the history of US treatment towards people with mental disabilities. I want to thank the Arc of San Diego, the staff who I interned with, especially Nick, Josh, Angelia and Ibado, and the residents for being kind and allowing me to participate in their lives. I want to give special honor to PT, one of the residents in the group home whom I will dearly miss. In memory of PT. Figure 1: The group home where the people with ID/DD live Date: March 15, 2012