Εργαστήριο Τοπικής και Νησιωτικής Ανάπτυξης Πανεπιστήμιο Αιγαίου

1. Εργαστήριο Τοπικής και Νησιωτικής ΑνάπτυξηςΠανεπιστήμιο Αιγαίου UNWTO observatory of Sustainable Tourism for the South Aegean region: The case of Santorini Dr. SPILANIS Ioannis Ass. Professor - University of the Aegean IMIC 2015 - Santorini 9/10/2015

2. The UNWTO Gost Program • is designed to help destinations become more sustainable by the creation of Observatories • has to develop and implement indicators and to help destinations understand what sustainability meant and what would be needed to make it happen. • has to create into the destinations a system of information which can support improved decision-making at all scales with the active participation of the local stakeholders

3. Mandatory issues to be monitored • Local satisfaction with tourism • Destination economic benefits • Employment • Tourism seasonality • Energy management • Water management • Waste management • Solid waste management • Development control Annual report to UNWTO

4. The role of the Observatory:Tourism Governancebased on data Un of the Aegean Observatory of UNWTO Analysis proposals Training Tourism Council Direction of Tourism RSA Municipal Committee of Tourism Promotion Tourism Office Vision Strategic Plan Regional Action Plan Vision Identity Local Action Plan

5. Observatory of Sustainable Tourism for Destinations Aiming: Α)Record, protect and management of resources b) Record and Management of the Supply & Demand – Management of seasonality - Monitoring of guest satisfaction c) Monitoring financial results. Support entrepreneurs - increased revenue/tourism expenditure d) Creating new and better jobs – increase revenues e) Connection with other sectors of the economy (agriculture-culture) f) Improving environmental management for enterprises and destinations g) Multilevel Marketing Plan We have to provide responses to 2 main questions : Why a tourism to chose a destination mainly during the low season? How the tourism expenditure and employment can raise?

6. Report on the situation and policy proposals Β. 1 Tourism – Supply (1) Number of beds in professional and private accommodation: TOTAL 59.903 Majority of B&B and private houses High Pressure: 2,39 (prof beds) & 3,93(total beds) beds/inh + 479 (prof beds), 790 (total beds) beds/km2, 991 (t+inh)

7. Report on the situation and policy proposals Β. 1 Tourism – Supply (2) Resources - Attractions: Natural: Volcano, mount Profet Ilias, Natura 2000 area Cultural: Akrotiri, Ancient Thira, Museums, churches, traditional settlements, Castles,windmills….. Products: wine (PDO,PGI), fava, small tomatos, fresh cheese, white eggplant Places to visit: sites with view, museums, producers Unique resources: Κaldera, Αkrotiri Myths ?

8. Report on the situation and policy proposals Β. 1 Tourism – Supply(3) • Activities • Sea sports: diving • Trekking: the “unknown Santorini” • “Weddings” • Visiting or “seeing” Kaldera • Gastronomy: wine factories – vineyard (only visit?) • Special Interest Tourism – • Trekking, gastronomic, ???? • no many products – not really “experiential tourism”

9. Report on the situation and policy proposals Β. 2Tourism – Demand (1) Arrivals to the island: manly by ship. High seasonality 44,9% July – August + 29,7% June + September

10. Report on the situation and policy proposals Β. 2Tourism – Demand (2) • Declared nights spent in hotels by principal nationalities: Total 404263 Greeks 38013 (9,4%) British 55881 (13,8%) Italians 45556 (11,3%) US 33806 (8,4%) Germans 29408 (7,3%) Average Stay: GR: 3,2 – UK-IT-DE: 5,4 – US: 2,8 Total: 3,9 – Relatively large dispersion of nationalities

11. Report on the situation and policy proposals Β. 2Tourism – Demand (3) Declared nights spent don’t reflect the reality given by arrivals and by other sources concerning occupancy rate (50% /5 – 85% / 8) Estimations: scenario 1 = 2.255.401 nights spent only 409.244 arrivals(3,9 A.Stay) scenario 2 = 3.634.100 nights spent763.296 arrivals(3,9 A.Stay) … when the arrivals of tourists in Santorini (2012) are estimated857.973 + Cruise ships: 512 vesselswith 742.553 pass (2014) – 582/778057 (2013) – 718/838.857 (2012) – Expenditure ?National estimation is 40€ + Yachts: unknown number and behavior • What is the actual pressure and need for management?

12. Report on the situation and policy proposals Β.3Results and impact (1) Expenditure per day of foreign tourists in Greece (2012, B of Greece): US 91,3 - IT 68,3 - D 65,3 - UK 71,5 – FR 78,9 €/day. Average expenditure under decline since 2005: - 17,5% Average expenditure in South Aegean Region : 88,2€/d The breakdown of the expenditure :

13. Report on the situation and policy proposals Β.3Results and impact (2) Expenditure per day of Greeks – national estimations people traveling 1-3 days / people traveling for 4 days +

14. Report on the situation and policy proposals Β.3Results and impact (3) Expenditure of Greeks staying in private houses is 30% of the expenditure of people staying in professional accomodation

15. Report on the situation and policy proposals Β.3Results and impact (4) Employment: • Census: 1994 hotels-bars-restaurants + 1325 retail + 368 transport + 54 entertainment (concerns only locals) • Based on national estimations: 0,29 employment in tourism per bed: 10.538 employment !!!! Environment: • Housing: 13528 housesfor 2011 compared to 3755 for 1971 (27%) – intense and widespread construction • Nights spent: 3.634.100 = 9956 annual inhabitants but not equally distributed • Resources – Waste:

16. Report on the situation and policy proposals Β.4:Impact (1) • Economic: • increase and change of structure of employment • Different structure from the region and the country: monoactivity

17. Report on the situation and policy proposals Β.4:Impact (2) Demographic: • Population increase from 6487 (1971)to 15231 (2011) • Positive natural mouvement: +1173 (2001-13), +7,74% (nat mov/pop), +3,44% RSA, +1,15% Kyklades. • Active pop 49,3% (national average 42,4%), • foreigners: 3169 (20,6%) compared to 8,3% Greece • High young pop (17,8% for Thira but 11,6% for Thirassia compared to 16,5% country) • Low elderly (11,0% compared to 19,5%), 27,7% Thirassia

18. Report on the situation and policy proposals Β.4:Impact (3) Environment: • Deterioration of landscape (coastal zone + kaldera) from construction : 3755 houses(1971)to 13528 (2011)when only 5674 are occupied from 15097 inhabitants, • Very severe problems of lack of water : private transport + 2 desalination • Wastewater management: 3 plants • Waste management: recycling?Landfil? • Transport: congestion + noise • Energy: conventional plant+ fewrenewable (solar panel +, Photovoltaic) due to conservation rules

19. Report on the situation and policy proposalsΒ.5 Applied policy and local govetnance (1) As there was no answer to the UNWTO questionnaire our kwonledge on the destination is indirect • ; • Local Tourism Committee exists and works but its decisions are not public • Tourism office or other structure in order to apply Committee decisions? Which structure works on promotion and information? • Website very general and incomplete • DMO: efforts of the Municipality but unsuccesful till now

20. Next steps From the above analysis some results but the lack of information is obvious What steps to do? • questionnaires and surveys to tourists and enterprises in order to complete information • surveys on tourists' and locals' satisfaction • strategic plan to face problems and to cope with different "visions" and goals of local actors Policy proposals: - "Aegean quality" as quality label in order to improve services provided from public and private sector - Management of tourists flows to cope with congestion - Shift from passive, massive, generic and low added value to active, qualitative, selective and high added value experience - Create a DMO for a "new" marketing system

21. Ευχαριστούμε για τη προσοχή ispil@aegean.gr stobservatory@aegean.gr Tel: +30 22510 36229 http://tourismobservatory.ba.aegean.gr/