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Explore the complex issue of sacrificing civil liberties for public safety through key U.S. legislation and its impact on individual rights. Delve into the debate of security measures and personal freedoms in today's world.
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THOUGHT QUESTION:When is it necessary (if ever) to sacrifice your civil liberties in exchange for public safety?
THE FISA AMENDMENTS ACT:Allowed the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court to authorize warrantless surveillance of Americans' international electronic communications.
USA PATRIOT ACT:Authorized "sneak and peak" searches. Expanded the authority of the FBI to issue National Security Letters (NSL) requesting information from and about Americans. Criminalized pure speech in furtherance of the non-criminal acts of terrorist groups.
Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act: Authorized the Department of Homeland Security to develop a "strategic plan" for airport security measures.
US Customs and Border Protection and Department of Homeland Security Policy Changes: Allowed suspicionless searches of documents and electronic devices carried by US citizens returning from overseas travel.
Attorney General Guidelines for Domestic FBI Operations: Allow the FBI to conduct "assessments" using techniques such as informants, "pretext interviews" in which an agent surreptitiously questions an individual, and 24-hour physical surveillance—even in the absence of any factual predicate for the investigation.
FBI Domestic Investigations and Operations Guide: Allowed ethnic profiling.
Military Commissions Act of 2006: Established the practice and limits of indefinite military detention at Guantánamo Bay. Authorized military tribunals for enemy combatants.
Torture: “Enhanced interrogation techniques.”