Spelling Words

1. Spelling Words • father • chapter • other • alphabet • watch • English • weather • catch • fashion • shrink • pitcher • flash • athlete • trophy • nephew • northern • establish • emphasis • hyphen • challenge

2. the inglish settlers had the first thanksgiving • The English settlers had the first Thanksgiving. • the childrens toys were maid of would • The children’s toys were made of wood.

3. Grammar: Plural Possessive Nouns • The English families’ houses were different in America. • Families’ is a plural possessive noun. • It is used to show that two or more people share or own something. • An apostrophe is added to plural nouns that end in –s, -es, or –iesto make them possessive.

4. Grammar: Plural Possessive Nouns • Plural Noun: The trees grew tall in America. • Singular Possessive Noun: That oak tree’s wood is hard. • Plural Possessive Noun: All the trees’ wood was strong.

5. Grammar: Plural Possessive Nouns • Add an apostrophe to plural nouns that end in –s, -es, or –iesto make them possessive. • To make plural nouns that do not end in –s, -es, or –iespossessive, add an apostrophe and an s. • men’s boots • oxen’s strength

6. Grammar: Plural Possessive NounsFind the plural possessive nouns. • The two towns’ settlers gathered to celebrate the harvest. • towns’ • The settlers’ tables were long boards. • settlers’ • The vegetables’ flavors were delicious. • vegetables’

7. Grammar: Plural Possessive NounsFind the plural possessive nouns. • The cooks’ dishes smelled spicy. • cooks’ • Men’s mouths watered at the smell. • men’s

8. Grammar: Plural Possessive NounsSpell the possessive form of the underlined plural noun. • The colonies schools taught reading and arithmetic. • colonies’ • Americans roads were dusty paths. • Americans’ • Horses pulled farmers carts and wagons. • farmers’

9. Grammar: Plural Possessive NounsSpell the possessive form of the underlined plural noun. • The horses jobs were difficult. • horses’ • Oxen size made them a better choice for the job. • Oxen’s

10. the colonys had cold wether • The colonies had cold weather. • the two boys’s cloths were not warm enough • The two boys’ clothes were not warm enough.

11. Grammar: Plural Possessive Nouns • A plural possessive noun shows that two or more people share or own something. • To make plural nouns that end in –s, -es, -iespossessive, add an apostrophe. • To make plural nouns that do not end in –s, -es, or –iespossessive, add an apostrophe and an s.

12. the children’s school have onely one room • The children’s school has only one room. • The first american’sfashons was very different from those of today • The first Americans’ fashions were very different from those of today.

13. Grammar: Plural Possessive Nouns • Using plural possessive nouns can make writing less wordy. • Wordy: The houses of the first Americans were very simple. • Not Wordy: The first Americans’ houses were very simple.

14. his fathers’ house was prettyer than his house • His father’s house was prettier than his house. • the family was surprised by november’s sun shine • The family was surprised by November’s sunshine.

15. Grammar: Plural Possessive Nouns • Test Tip: • Think about how a possessive noun is used in a sentence. Then decide whether it is singular or plural and place the apostrophe correctly. • Plural Possessive Nouns: The houses’ kitchens had fireplaces. • Singular Possessive Nouns: The house’s kitchen had a fireplace.

16. Draw Conclusions • A conclusion is a decision you reach after you think about details and facts. • As you read, think about the details and facts and use what you already know to draw conclusions about characters and the things that happen.

17. Facts and Details • Facts are pieces of information that can be proven true. • Details are small bits of information. • Identifying facts and details can help us answer questions about a selection.

18. Facts and Details • Details also enable us to visualize, or see, what we are reading. • Facts and details help us draw conclusions, makegeneralizations, compare and contrast, recognize cause and effect, and so on.

19. Context Clues • You can use context clues to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words. • List any unknown words you find as you read “William’s House.” • Create a chart showing the unknown word, helpful context clues, and the definition of the word based on its content.

20. Context Clues

21. is Autumn colorfull in england • Is autumn colorful in England? • both the trees’s leaves has fallen • Both the trees’ leaves have fallen.

22. Grammar: Plural Possessive Nouns • A plural possessive noun shows that two or more people share or own something. • To make plural nouns that end in –s, -es, -iespossessive, add an apostrophe. • To make plural nouns that do not end in –s, -es, or –iespossessive, add an apostrophe and an s.

23. Consonant Digraphs • You hear all the letters in a consonant blend. • You will learn about other consonant combinations that stand for a single sound.

24. Consonant Digraphs • chat • How many letters do you see in chat? • How many sounds do you hear? • Which two letters stand for one sound?

25. Consonant Digraphs • chat - parachute • When you see the letters ch in chat, you pronounce them as a single sound, /ch/, because ch is a consonant digraph. • But when you see the same letters in the word parachute, pronounce them as /sh/.

26. Consonant Digraphs • The digraph ch can stand for different sounds, /ch/ and /sh/. • Also watch for the consonant digraphs sh, th, wh, ph, tch, and ng when you sound out words. • shining • bother • white • phone • catch • long

27. Consonant DigraphsFind the consonant digraphs. • inchworm • photograph • cushion • rather • thimble • whisper • switch • chaperone • Thunder scares our dog, and she hides under my bed. • Each boy let out a whoop of joy. • I hear a little bird chirping beneath my window.

28. Consonant Blends • We studied initial and final consonant blends. • Read the sentence to yourself. • Raise your hand when you know which words have a consonant blend. • Please straighten your desk. • Please, straighten, desk • What letters make up the consonant blend in each word?

29. Consonant Blends • Read the sentence to yourself. • Raise your hand when you know which words have a consonant blend. • The children waited for the traffic light to turn green before crossing the street. • child, traffic, green, crossing, street • What letters make up the consonant blend in each word?

30. Consonant BlendsFind the consonant blends. • stubborn • slightly • threaten • blend • splatter • cranberry • myself • private • classify • gratitude • stretcher • squabble • I gave a present to my brother on his birthday. • Practice what you preach. • There are three loaves of bread in the store. • The air was crisp, and frostgleamed on the grass.

31. Diagram/Scale Drawing • Have you ever made a craft item or put together a model? • Often diagrams are used to show how to put something together. • Find diagrams in textbooks or other sources that can be used to show this.

32. Diagram/Scale Drawing • A diagram can show how something is put together. • A diagram can show how an object’s parts relate to one another; for example, it can show how computer components are attached.

33. Diagram/Scale Drawing • A diagram can show how something works. You might use a diagram to show the stages in the life of a butterfly. • Sometimes you have to study a diagram in a certain order—left to right or top to bottom.

34. Diagram/Scale Drawing • Diagrams can use text, labels, arrows, and pictures to demonstrate an idea or process.