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Comma Rules (not choices)

Comma Rules (not choices). Use with a coordinating conjunction to link two independent clauses. The cat hissed and she jumped off the roof. The cat hissed and jumped off the roof. The cat hissed then she jumped off the roof. FANBOYS for and nor but or yet so.

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Comma Rules (not choices)

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  1. Comma Rules (not choices) • Use with a coordinating conjunction to link two independent clauses. The cat hissed and she jumped off the roof. The cat hissed and jumped off the roof. The cat hissed then she jumped off the roof. FANBOYS for and nor but or yet so Sentences that could stand alone The cat hissed, and she jumped off the roof. The cat hissed and jumped off the roof. The cat hissed; then she jumped off the roof.

  2. Use comma after introductory elements • In the morning, I will do my homework. • Predictably, the show was cancelled again. • To be able to participate, Jack had to pass a test. • Yes, I will be able to come to the dinner. Any words not necessary—just added to an already complete sentence By the way, the parade begins at noon. The parade, by the way, begins at noon. The parade begins at noon, by the way. In 1992, several laws were passed. Several laws were passed in 1992.

  3. Using commas in a series On our date, Johnny and I went to Smother’s Park, The Cupcakery, and The Bistro. Terminal Comma Oxford Comma

  4. Coordinate and Cumulative Adjectives • Test: If the order of the adjectives can be changed OR if the word and works between them, use a comma. • The concert featured several new bands. • The concert featured new several bands. • The concert featured several and new bands. • The huge restless crowd waited. • The restless huge crowd waited. • The huge and restless crowd waited. NO NO YES YES The huge, restless crowd waited.

  5. Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Elements Always use a comma with which—what follows can be left out. Never use a comma with that—what follows cannot be left out. • The book that has a red cover is missing. • The book, which has a red cover, is missing. • The boy who stole the apple was arrested. • The boy, who stole the apple, was arrested. • The author who is only twenty-three has won two Pulitzer Prizes. • The author, who is only twenty-three, has won two Pulitzer Prizes.

  6. Commas with Dates and Numbers • Date and year: August 26, 2013 • Day and date: Monday, August 26 • Both sides of year in middle of sentence: On July 20, 1969, the world changed forever. NEVER use comma with ONLY month and year or month and day: • People knew that one day in July 1969 would change the world. • News coverage was especially heavy on July 21.

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