Tools

1. Tools • Basic Hand Tools: • Standard ______ sizes ¼ through 1 in. • Metric _______sizes 6 through 24 • Needle nose ______ • _______jaw pliers • Standard and metric ___wrenches • ________head screw drivers • ________ screw drivers • Ball peen _______ • _______ • _______

2. tools • ______ grinding tool • Cylinder ______ • Spark plug _______ • ______ compressor • ______ set • Magnetic ______ tool • Specialty Tools: • _______wrench or Strap wrench • Flywheel _____ • Three _____puller • _____wrench • Micrometer • __________gauge • Compression _____ • _______tester • _____expander • Ring _______

3. Demonstrating basic maintenance procedures • Read and ______all service publication instructions! • Service manuals are a student’s ____ _____. Read! Read! Read! When in doubt _____again.

4. Shop safety and small engines • _____ _____ must be worn at all times. • Keep hands and feet away from all ______parts during operation. • Keep all _______sources away from the work area. • Stop engine and allow it to _____before refueling. • Handle gasoline _______if possible. • Disconnect the spark plug lead when making adjustment to ________accidental start-up. • Never disengage any of the ________equipment or devices.

5. Shop safety and small engines • Keep all ______in place. • Do not operate engines above the specified ____. • Never _______engines or force equipment beyond it the designed capacity. • Never use _______as a solvent to clean parts. • Only start and run engines where ________is adequate, preferably outdoors. • Never pour gasoline or oil on the ______or down a ______, dispose of it in the correct container to be recycled.

6. Basic maintenance • __ ______can become clogged over time and should be changed (_____!Blow out an air filter with compressed air!) This can damage the filter and cause immediate engine damage.

7. Basic maintenance • __________can also become clogged over time and should be changed (_____! Blowout a fuel filter with compressed air!) This can damage the filter and cause immediate engine damage. OLD NEW

8. Basic maintenance • ______& ______can also become clogged over time however these items can be clean with solvent and blown out with ___volume compressed air.

9. Basic maintenance • __________can be adjusted although it is rarely necessary. Commonly small engines are factory preset and will not require adjustment. However, in the case that adjustment is necessary there are usually __ adjustment points on a carburetor.

10. Basic maintenance • _________________ - this screw adjusts the fuel to air mixture ratio by allowing more or less liquid fuel into the carburetor to mix with air to be combusted. • _________________- this screw adjusts the idle air to fuel mixture. • _________________- this screw adjusts the idle speed by changing the position of the throttle valve.

11. Basic maintenance • ____________is very important it is necessary to deduce whether or not the engine has a pressurized lube system or not. This is a simple deduction. • _________ systems- utilize the use of an oil filter • Non-__________-does not utilize an oil filter.

12. Basic maintenance • Different engines require different oils of different viscosities. • _____________- is the thickness of the oil • Many non-pressurized engines call for non-___________, single viscosity oils such as ND__ • Many pressurized engines call for multi-viscosity oils such as __w__ • ______-viscosity- is the thickness of the oil at different operating temperatures • Dip sticks must also be located and checked _________according to service manual.

13. Basic maintenance • _________system- usually can be blown out with compressed air in air cooled and liquid cooled applications. May require coolant checks for adequate level and ratio in liquid cooled applications. ________ Cooled _____ Cooled

14. Basic maintenance • _________system- somewhat maintenance free with the exception of the ________plug and a few switches which requires replacement at implied intervals.

15. Repair procedure • KIS- Keep It Simple, Always check the easy things first. If an engine suddenly stops running, chances are the solution is an _____ fix. • As we learned in the previous chapter the principles of operation must happen sequentially for an engine to run. If one or more of these steps are incomplete the engine will ______to run.

16. Repair procedure • We must know how to use specialty tools like: • __________- measuring tool used to check components for wear • __________- t-shaped tool used to measure cylinder wear • __________- threadlike material used to measure connecting rod bearing clearance • ______ _______- used to tighten fasteners to specific tolerances • _______-________- used to compress piston rings for piston installation • _________wrench or strap wrench- used to hold flywheel to remove nut • Flywheel _______- used to pull stuck flywheels • ________tester- used to safely test spark • _________compressor- used to compress valve springs • __________gauge- used to check clearances • _________grinder- used to grind and lap valves

17. troubleshooting • Check for _____. If the engine cranks but will not start it may not be _______. Use a spark tester to identify spark. Lack of spark may be a faulty plug, armature coil, breaker points, or ground switch

18. troubleshooting • Check for _____. Make sure there is plenty of fuel in the tank and that the fuel is fresh. Remove the fuel line from the carburetor to be sure that the fuel flows _______from the tank, through the line and into the carburetor. If it doesn’t you must find the blockage and remove it.

19. troubleshooting • After cranking several times and no start remove the spark plug and examine it. • ____- you have a fuel delivery issue inside the carburetor. • _________ ___- the carburetor is flooding the engine. ______ ______

20. troubleshooting • If you have spark and fuel but the engine fails to start or sounds like it is backfiring or is hard to crank, the _______key could be to blame. • A flywheel ____is designed to take the brunt of a blow if the engine is stopped abruptly. • If the key is sheared the ________will be affected because it adjusts the position of the permanent magnet found in the flywheel • This adjustment causes the spark plug to _____at the wrong time hence the backfiring or no start condition.

21. troubleshooting • When all of the above methods have been exerted and found to be ineffective, you should run a cylinder ___________test. Compression test results will act as a guide and let you know which route to take. • If the compression tests well then the prior steps may need to be repeated because you may have missed something simple. • If the compression tests _______then the repair may have just gotten more costly.

22. troubleshooting • Engines lose compression for three primary reasons: • ______and tear • Blown ______gasket • Off _______ • In no-tolerance engines if timing is off the ______could come in contact with the valves and cause serious component damage.

23. summary • What do we need to know to be able to establish troubleshooting techniques using sequential procedure? • 1. Check for _______. • 2. Check for _______. • 3. Check for ___________. • 4. Do not ___________engine unless absolutely necessary!

24. Mystery Tools? • 3. • 2. • 1. • 4.