Stem cells and Cord blood

1. Stem cells and Cord blood

2. What is cord blood? • Another name: placental blood • The blood that remains in baby's umbilical cord and placenta after birth • A rich source of unique stem cells

3. What is stem cell? • The body's "master" cells • Create all other tissues, organs, and systems in the body • The building blocks of your blood and immune system • Can replicate into red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets • Cord blood stem cells can be classified into two types: HSCs and MSCs

4. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) • Give rise to all the blood cell types including myeloid and lymphoid lineages • Most commonly used to treat Malignancies Cancers, Blood Disorders, Immunodeficiencies and Metabolic diseases

5. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) • Have a high potential in differentiating into a variety of cell types • Can differentiate into in vitro or in vivo • Mainly used to treat chronic disease • Enhance the regeneration of nervous system and restore damaged tissue and organs • Shorten the recovery time after transplantation • Capable of suppressing the effect of Graft Versus Host Disease

6. Function of HSCs and MSCs

7. Three sources of stem cells • Bone Marrow • Peripheral Blood • Umbilical Cord Blood

8. International literatures have recorded over 80 diseases have been treated with cord blood transplants. The Advantages of Cord Blood Stem cells

9. Comparison between Cord Blood and Peripheral Blood and Marrow

12. Storage of cord blood • Stored in a cord blood bank • The quantity of cord blood differs from person to person • About 60ml on average per Asian • Every single drop of cord blood is rich in stem cells

13. Cord blood Collecting Processes in Hong Kong • http://www.healthbaby.hk/content.asp?Section=2&SubSection=1&Topic=3 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7wg8T2bFWjQ

14. About BioArchive System • Computer-controlled, robotic liquid nitrogen cryopreservation and storage system • Enables the freezing and managing of up to 3,623 blood component samples • Developed by ThermoGenesis • Utilized by more than 60 cord blood stem cell banks in more than 20 countries worldwide

15. Diseases which can be cured by cord blood • The number of diseases and injuries being treated is growing rapidly • Now over 80 diseases can be treated with cord blood transplants: • http://www.cordblood.com/caregivers/banking/diseases_treated.asp • Application in clinical trials: Stroke, Pakinson Disease, Spinal injury, liver diseases, heart diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, renal failures, skin regeneration, etc.

16. The development of cord blood technology

17. Findings about stem cells • In the early 1960s, a Canadian biophysicist Dr. James Edgar Till and a Canadian cellular biologist McCulloch started a series of experiments that involved injecting bone marrow cells into irradiated mice. They discovered a single marrow cell in the spleen of the mice: perhaps a stem cell.

18. Findings about stem cells in human cord blood • mid-1970s, stem cells in human cord blood were discovered • 1980s,found that cord blood can be comparable to bone marrow by transfusion

19. Successes in cord blood transplant • 1988,the first successful cord blood transplant • a six-year-old boy suffered from a blood disorder, Fanconi's anemia • regenerate the boy's blood and immune cells • 1991,a child suffering from a cancer, chronic myelogenous leukemia.

20. The first banking of cord blood • 1992, the world's first family cord blood sample was banked at the University of Arizona • 1995, the Cord Blood Registry opened. • 1996, Designated Transplant Program (DTP) provided free banking of cord blood • 1998, become the first family cord blood bank

21. Legislation in cord blood banking • The legislation mandating gave the option to donate the cord blood to a blood bank free of charge • Illinois, the first state follow in 2004 • In 2005, the number increase

22. Cord blood transplant becomes widely used • In 2005, more than 6,000 cord blood stem cell transplants performed worldwide • More than 400,000 cord blood stem cell units were banked • For use of over 120,000 clients • Researchers and medical experts continue to explore and discover strategies • Cord blood banking is rapidly progressing

23. Cases

24. Case 1 • A British girl Dakota Clarke born blind with septo-optic dysplasia was cured by stem cells in cord blood. • The first British cured by stem cells in China http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/news/article2292792.ece

25. Case 2 • A 5-year-old girl suffered from leukemia • received the cord blood from her new born sister • The new born child saved her sister http://www.takungpao.com/news/09/04/18/images_0701-1067707.htm

26. Reference • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbilical_cord_blood • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell • http://www.cordblood.com/cord_blood_faqs/cord_blood.asp • http://hk.knowledge.yahoo.com/question/question?qid=70060 52300429http://forum.baby-kingdom.com/viewthread.php?tid=1103326&extra=page%3D1 • http://www.thermogenesis.com/products/bioarchive.html • http://www.cordblood.com/cord_blood_news/media/media_kit/history_of_cordblood_banking.htm • http://www.cordblood-bank.net/history-cord-blood-banking.htm

27. ~The End~

28. Video • Cord Blood Stem Cell Transfusion Saves 3-Year-Old Childhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F-bch1U7pTE • Cord Blood Collectionhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7wg8T2bFWjQ • 訓聯臍帶血 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=65Mvh5QltZ4http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hG8Zj8-xHMk