Elsevier Foundation

1. Elsevier Foundation www.Elsevier foundation.org

2. Nurse Faculty Migration – a story to watch National Press Foundation June 9, 2011

3. Overview of the Nursing shortage Supply of practicing nurses in many low-income and high-income countries is failing to keep pace with increasing demand. • 1.5 million nurses needed in Africa • 800k to 1 million nurses needed in the US • Migration impact well documented • Push-pull factors – compensation

4. The nurse faculty shortage • The supply of nurse faculty is both a resultof the global nursing shortage and a potential barrier to overcoming that shortage • A dearth of data, but strong indications: nursing schools are turning away qualified applicants because of faculty shortages • It’s a global shortage – high and low income countries • Average age of nurse faculty is higher than other clinicians – an aging population • Opportunities to remain in practice are substantial • Compensation in clinical settings may be higher than for faculty • Lack of capacity to equip and train faculty /clinical settings Nurse faculty, who ensure the continued production of new nurses, are themselves one of the categories of nurses that are at greatest risk for migration

5. Nurse faculty – what are the drivers of migration? • Demand • - Aid agencies commitment to rapid scale up of nursing workforces in low income countries • Pressure to maintain student numbers in the face of a nursing shortage and growing healthcare needs in high income countries • Compensation – higher pay opportunities from migration • Career opportunities – post-basic education, access to research funding, opportunity to work with expert peers • Elimination of barriers – trade in services agreements

6. Nurse Faculty Migration Summit - 2010 21 experts from 12 countries International Council of Nurses Honor Society of Nurses International World Health Organization International Labour Organization International Organization for Migration Universities, national nursing councils Overarching goal is to make a significant contribution to ensuring sound understanding of faculty migration so as to proactively manage the looming crisis and avoid catastrophic failure of healthcare delivery caused by an inability to produce sufficient numbers of next generation nurses.

7. What is the impact of global migration on nurse faculty – an unanswered question • Summit identified the need for data to determine: • What are the current emerging patterns of nurse faculty migration? Country to country, institution to institution, rural to urban, clinical to education • Who is migrating? Level of experience, level of education, specialty • What are the causal and contributing factors? Impact of sabbaticals, research and teaching collaborations • What is the expected impact of a rapid scale-up in faculty migration and how could the adverse consequences be ameliorated? • Solutions? ethical migration; policy & investment focus; new models and technology/distance learning; recruitment and retention strategies

8. Nursing faculty contact David C BentonChief Executive OfficerInternational Council of Nurses3 place Jean Marteau1201 Geneva SwitzerlandTel: +41 22 908-0100Fax: +41 22 908-0101Email: benton@icn.chWeb: www.icn.ch

10. Free Reporter Access Elsevier grants credentialed reporters access to SciVerse ScienceDirect, the world’s largest online database of Science, Technical and Medical journals and books, including The Lancet, Cell and Journal of the American College of Cardiology. Once you are signed up, you can view and download articles and use features such as keyword RSS feeds. To gain access, send an email noting your media credentials to newsroom@elsevier.com and request a user name and password (accounts expire each January, and are renewable). Free Reporter Access to Elsevier grants credentialed reporters access to ScienceDirect, the world’s largest online database of Science, Technical and Medical journals and books, including The Lancet, American Journal of Medicine and the International Journal of Medical Informatics. Once you are signed up, you can view and download articles and use features such as keyword RSS feeds, for example “Clinical Decision Support” To gain access, send an email noting your media credentials to newsroom@elsevier.comand request a user name and password (accounts expire each January, and are renewable).

11. Appendix: Shortage of nurse faculty – well studied in the US • In the US: A growing shortage of qualified faculty severely limits the ability of nursing schools to expand to keep pace with the demand for nurses • Underlying factors driving the nurse faculty shortage include, but are not limited to: • aging faculty • time to complete graduate education • heavy faculty workload • low faculty wages and • lack of a robust faculty pipeline • Success variables for developing and retaining nurse educators: • job satisfaction • mentoring • organizational commitment and • leadership behaviors Source: Blowing Open the Bottleneck: Designing New Approaches to Increase Nurse Education Capacity (May 2008) –joint report from the AARP, U.S. Department of Labor and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation – They concluded that faculty with mentors scored significantly higher on organizational commitment than those without mentors.