1 / 24

COMPARISON OF 8 × 8 INTEGER DCTs USED IN H.264, AVS-CHINA AND VC-1 VIDEO CODECS

COMPARISON OF 8 × 8 INTEGER DCTs USED IN H.264, AVS-CHINA AND VC-1 VIDEO CODECS. Submitted by, Ashwini Urs and Sharath Patil Under guidance of Dr.K.R.Rao. Introduction. Integer DCT. KLT is the statistically optimal transform. The performance of DCT is close to the performance of KLT [1].

Download Presentation

COMPARISON OF 8 × 8 INTEGER DCTs USED IN H.264, AVS-CHINA AND VC-1 VIDEO CODECS

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. COMPARISON OF 8 × 8 INTEGER DCTs USED IN H.264, AVS-CHINA AND VC-1 VIDEO CODECS Submitted by, Ashwini Ursand Sharath Patil Under guidance of Dr.K.R.Rao

  2. Introduction

  3. Integer DCT • KLT is the statistically optimal transform. • The performance of DCT is close to the performance of KLT [1]. • DCT is a well-known transform and is widely used by majority of coding standards. • Though integer DCT contains only integers, it has similar energy-packing ability as that of DCT [1].

  4. Integer DCT (Continued) • Integer cosine transform does not involve floating point computations and hence is used in video coding standards such as H.264 [2], VC-1 [3] and AVS [4]. • Integer cosine transform has been implemented with transform sizes of 4, 8 and 16 [1]. • Even larger size transforms (up to 64) have been used for high resolution videos to achieve higher coding gain [1].

  5. Integer DCTs compared

  6. Integer DCT matrix for AVS-China, H.264 and VC-1 AVS-China [2] H.264 [3] VC-1 [4]

  7. Integer DCT matrix for AVS-China, H.264 and VC-1 • The orthogonality of the 3 matrices was checked by evaluating [INTDCTi] x [INTDCTi]*T. • The orthogonalisedmatrices are: • AVS-China = diag(512, 442, 464, 442, 512, 442, 464, 442) • H.264 = diag(512, 578, 320, 578, 512, 578, 320, 578) • VC-1 = diag(1152, 1156, 1168, 1156, 1152, 1156, 1168, 1156)

  8. Order-16 Integer DCT matrix used in AVS-China [26]

  9. Comparison of the properties of integer DCTs

  10. Comparison of interger DCT matrices • The properties of the 3 integer DCT matrices were compared by considering a covariance matrix Rfor a Markov-I process with ρ = 0.95 and N=8. • Rjk = [ρ|j-k|] for j, k = 0, 1,…, N-1, where ρ is the adjacent correlation coefficient. • Covariance matrix in transform domain is given by where DOT is discrete orthogonal transform and [Σ] is the covariance matrix in spatial

  11. Properties used for comparison of integer DCTs • Variance distribution: The diagonal elements of correspond to the variances in the transform domain [7]. • Rate versus distortion: RD is the minimum average rate (bits/sample) for coding a signal at a specified distortion D [7]. For fixed average distortion D, rate distortion function RD is computed as Choose values of θ betweent 0.1 and 1. For the same values of θ, D and RD are calculated [7].

  12. Properties used for comparison of integer DCTs • Normalized basis restriction error, Jm: The compaction of energy in a few transform coefficients can be represented by the normalized basis restriction error defined as [7]: where are arranged in decreasing order [7].

  13. Properties used for comparison of integer DCTs • Residual correlation: An indication of the extent of decorrelation in transform domain can be gauged by correlation left undone by the discrete transform, which is measured by the absolute sum of cross-covariance (off diagonal elements) in the transform domain i.e., for N = 8 as a function of ρ [7].

  14. Properties used for comparison of integer DCTs • Transform coding gain GTC: Transform coding gain is defined as the ratio of arithmetic mean to geometric mean of variances where is the variance of the ith co-efficient in the transform domain. • As sum of all the variances is in invariant under orthogonal transformation, by minimizing geometric mean GTC can be maximized [7].

  15. Results and Conclusion

  16. Variance distribution versus N

  17. Rate versus distortion

  18. Normalized basis restriction error versus samples retained m

  19. Residual correlation versus correlation co-efficient

  20. Conclusion • Variance distribution, normalized basis restriction error and transform coding gain of these 3 codecs are almost comparable. • Transform coding gain, GTC for AVS, H.264 and VC-1 are 8.2916, 8.0155 and 7.5477 respectively. From this, we observe that AVS achieves maximum GTC. • For a fixed average distortion D, the rate distortion function characteristics of H.264 and AVS are indistinguishable. • The residual correlation for ρ > 0.5 is indistinguishable for these 3 codecs.

  21. References [1] C. Fong and W. Cham, “Simple order-16 integer transform for video coding”, The Chinese university of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. [2] S.K.Kwon, A.Tamhankar and K.R.Rao, “Overview of H.264 / MPEG-4 Part 10” J. Visual Communication and Image Representation, vol. 17, pp.186-216, April 2006. [3] S. Srinivasan , et al, “Windows Media Video 9: overview and applications”, Signal Processing: Image Communication, vol. 19, Issue 9, pp. 851-875, Oct. 2004 [4] W. Gao et al., “AVS – The Chinese next-generation video coding standard,” National association of broadcasters, Las Vegas, 2004 [5] R. Joshi, Y. Reznik and M. Karczewicz, “Efficient large size transforms for high-performance video coding”, Qualcomm Inc., San Diego, CA, USA. [6] “Integer DCT for AVS China”, INTDCT6 - http://www-ee.uta.edu/dip/Courses/EE5355/ee5355.htm.

  22. References [7] “Comparison of discrete transforms”, http://www-ee.uta.edu/dip/Courses/EE5355/ee5355.htm. [8] N.Ahmed, T.Natarajan and K.R.Rao, “Discrete cosine transform”, IEEE trans. computers, Vol. X, pp.90-93, 1974. [9] A.K.Jain, “Fundamentals of digital image processing”, Prentice hall, 1989. [10] A.T. Hinds, “Design of high-performance fixed-point transforms using the common factor method”, Ricoh I infoprint solutions company, Boulder, CO, USA. [11] T.Wiegand, et al “Overview of the H.264/AVC video coding standard”, IEEE Trans. on Circuit and Systems for Video Technology, vol.13, pp. 560-576, July 2003. [12] T. Wiegand and G. J. Sullivan, “The H.264 video coding standard”, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 24, pp. 148-153, March 2007.

  23. References [13] D. Marpe, T. Wiegand and G. J. Sullivan, “The H.264/MPEG-4 AVC standard and its applications”, IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 44, pp. 134-143, Aug. 2006. [14] A. Puri, X. Chen and A. Luthra, “Video coding using the H.264/MPEG-4 AVC compression standard”, Signal processing: image communication, vol. 19, pp. 793-849, Oct. 2004. [15] M.Fieldler, “Implementation of basic H.264/AVC decoder”, seminar paper at Chemnitz university of technology, June 2004. [16 ]R. Schäfer, T. Wiegand and H. Schwarz, “The emerging H.264/AVC standard”, EBU Technical Review, Jan. 2003. [17]D. Marpe, T. Wiegand, and S. Gordon, "H.264/MPEG4-avc fidelity range extensions: tools, profiles, performance, and application areas," in, IEEE international conference on image processing, vol. 1, pp. I-593-6, 2005. [18] S. Saponara et al, "The JVT advanced video coding standard: complexity and performance analysis on a tool-by-tool basis," in Packet Video Workshop, Nantes, France, April 2003. [19] VC-1 technical overview - http://www.microsoft.com/windows/windowsmedia/howto/articles/vc1techoverview.aspx

  24. References [20] S. Srinivasan and S. L. Regunathan, “An overview of VC-1”, SPIE / VCIP, vol. 5960, pp. 720-728, July 2005. [21] AVS Video Expert Group, “Information technology – Advanced coding of audio and video – Part 2: Video (AVS1-P2 JQP FCD 1.0),” Audio Video Coding Standard Group of China (AVS), Doc. AVS-N1538, Sept. 2008. [22] AVS Video Expert Group, “Information technology – Advanced coding of audio and video – Part 3: Audio,” Audio Video Coding Standard Group of China (AVS), Doc. AVS-N1551, Sept. 2008. [23] L Yu et al., “Overview of AVS-Video: Tools, performance and complexity,” SPIE VCIP, vol. 5960, pp. 596021-1~ 596021-12, Beijing, China, July 2005. [24] L. Fan, S. Ma and F. Wu, “Overview of AVS video standard,” IEEE Int’l Conf. on Multimedia and Expo, ICME '04, vol. 1, pp. 423–426, Taipei, Taiwan, June 2004. . [25] Special issue on 'AVS and its Applications' Signal processing: image communication, vol. 24, pp. 245-344, April 2009. [26] C. K. Fong and W. K. Cham, “Simple order-16 integer transform for video coding”, http://www-ee.uta.edu/Dip/Courses/EE5355/INTDCT5.pdf

More Related