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何積泓 2008/05/16

何積泓 2008/05/16. Ovarian follicle ageing. The biologic capacity of a woman to reproduce drops after a peak of efficiency in the early 20s Save women from the risk associated with pregnancy and birth delivery in advanced age Maximize the length of time during which they can bear children.

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何積泓 2008/05/16

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  1. 何積泓 2008/05/16

  2. Ovarian follicle ageing • The biologic capacity of a woman to reproduce drops after a peak of efficiency in the early 20s • Save women from the risk associated with pregnancy and birth delivery in advanced age • Maximize the length of time during which they can bear children

  3. Ageing of the follicle pool • Apoptosis is the driving force behind follicle loss with ageing • Specific age-related morphological changes • Mitochondria in granulosacells • Serum FSH levels

  4. Unhealthy status of aged oocyte • Human oocyte aneuploidy increases with age • Ooplasmic aging and nuclear morphological changes • Impaired accumulation of maternal RNA • Genetic and function flaws in mitochondria • Compromised meiotic clock • Precocious post-ovulatory ageing • Telomere shortening

  5. Compromised microenvironment • Paracrine regulators of follicular development • Follicular fluid meiosis activating sterol (FF-MAS) • VEGF levels • Perifollicular vascularization Costello et al., 2006

  6. Oxidative stress • Production of ROS by mitochondria • Enzymatic or non-enzymatic antioxidant defense • Primordial and periovulatory follicles suffered from age-related oxidative stress and impaired enzymatic antioxidant defense • Controversial results in the correlation between IVF outcomes and follicular fluid ROS levels

  7. Hypoxia • Both hypoxic and hyperoxic conditions can be responsible for oxidative stress • Formation of ROS can be directly caused by hypoxia or indirectly after reoxygenation • Mitochondria of granulosa cells from aged women exhibit similar structure damage to those in cells exposed to hypoxia

  8. Protein glycosylation • Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs): universal symptoms of ageing • AGEs cause tissue injury by protein cross-linking or binding to specific receptors • Collagen are most vulnerable to cross-linking • Receptor of AGE (RAGE) is highly expressed in granulosa cells, theca interna, endothelial and stromal cells

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