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Chapter 16 Jeopardy Review: Acid-Base Equilibria. Question #1. Which of the following is a property of an acid? Feel like water Turn litmus paper blue React vigorously with metals higher on the activity series Taste bitter Conduct electric current *You may choose more than one option.
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Question #1 Which of the following is a property of an acid? • Feel like water • Turn litmus paper blue • React vigorously with metals higher on the activity series • Taste bitter • Conduct electric current *You may choose more than one option
Answer: • Feel like water c) React vigorously with metals higher on the activity series e) Conduct electric current
Question #2 In a neutralization reaction, acids combine with bases so that the properties of both are lost. What are the 2 products of a neutralization reaction?
Answer: water + salt
Question #3 Which statement below is true? • An Arrhenius acid accepts hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. • A Bronsted-Lowry base generates hydroxide ions when dissolved in water. • A Lewis acid can accept a pair of electrons.
Answer: c) A Lewis acid can accept a pair of electrons.
Question #4 Name two problems with the Arrhenius definition of acids and bases.
Answer: • It is restricted to aqueous solutions. • It does not explain why some bases do not contain OH- ions (ex: NH3)
Question #5 Give the name AND formula for the seven strong acids we discussed in class.
Answer: Hydrochloric Acid, HCl Hydrobromic Acid, HBr Hydroiodic Acid, HI Chloric Acid, HClO3 Perchloric Acid, HClO4 Sulfuric Acid, H2SO4 Nitric Acid, HNO3
Question #6 All of the alkali metals, when combined with hydroxide, are considered to be strong bases. Which three alkaline earth metals are also classified as strong bases when combined with hydroxide? *Give name AND symbol
Answer: Calcium (Ca) Strontium (Sr) Barium (Ba)
Question #7 Name the following acids: HCN H2SO3 H2CO3
Answer: HCN – hydrocyanic acid H2SO3 – sulfurous acid H2CO3– carbonic acid
Question #8 Give the formulas for the following acids: Acetic acid Hydrofluoric Acid Phosphorous Acid
Answer: Acetic acid – HC2H3O2 Hydrofluoric Acid – HF Phosphorous Acid – H3PO3
Question #9 Name this ion: H3O+
Answer H3O+ - hydronium ion
Question #10 What word do we use to describe a substance that is capable of acting as either an acid or a base?
Answer: Amphiprotic or amphoteric
Question #11 The stronger an acid or a base, the _________ its conjugate acid or conjugate base. Therefore, an acid and its conjugate base or a base and its conjugate acid have a(n) __________ relationship.
Answer: The stronger an acid or a base, the weaker its conjugate acid or conjugate base. Therefore, an acid and its conjugate base or a base and its conjugate acid have a(n) inverse relationship.
Question #12 Give the conjugate base for the following Bronsted-Lowry acids: PH4+ H2O CH3COO-
Answer: PH3 OH- CH2COO2-
Question #13 Give the conjugate acid for the following Bronsted-Lowry bases: HSO4- H2O CO32-
Answer: H2SO4 H3O+ HCO3-
Question #14 In the reaction below, which substance is acting as the conjugate base? H2SO4 + NH3 HSO4- + NH4+
Answer: Conjugate base = HSO4-
Question #15 Write two chemical equations for the reaction of HSO3- with water: one in which HSO3- acts as an acid, and one in which it acts as a base. Be sure to include states of matter.
Answer: HSO3- (aq) + H2O (l) SO32- (aq) + H3O+ (aq) HSO3- (aq) + H2O (l) H2SO3 (aq) + OH- (aq)
Question #16 What word do we use to describe an acid that has more than one ionizable H atom?
Answer: Polyprotic
Question #17 H2SO4 is a polyprotic acid. Show how this acid can go through consecutive removals of a hydrogen ion when added to water. Be sure to include states of matter.
Answer: H2SO4 (aq) + H2O (l) HSO4- (aq) + H3O+ (aq) HSO4- (aq) + H2O (l) SO42- (aq) + H3O+ (aq)
Question #18 Calculate the [OH-] concentration when the [H+] = 5.35 x 10-11 M, and determine if the solution is acidic, basic or neutral.
Answer: [OH-] = 1.87 x 10-4 M; basic
Question #19 A solution has the exact same [H+] and [OH-]. What is the only possible concentration for this solution? Would you classify this solution as acidic, basic or neutral?
Answer: [H+] = [OH-] = 1.0 x 10-7 M; neutral
Question #20 A solution has a pOH of 8.87. What is its [H+]? Would you classify this solution as acidic, basic or neutral?
Answer: [H+] = 7.41 x 10-6 M; acidic
Question #21 Find the pH of a 0.00476 M hydrochloric acid solution.
Answer: pH = 2.32
Question #22 Find the pOH of a solution that contains 3.25 g of H2SO4 dissolved in 2.75 L of solution.
Answer: pOH = 12.08
Question #23 If the pH = 9.85, what is the concentration of a solution of Sr(OH)2?
Answer: [Sr(OH)2] = 3.54 x 10-5 M
Question #24 Calculate the pOH when 12.5 mL of a 0.015 M Ca(OH)2 is diluted to 0.5 L.
Answer: pOH = 3.12
Question #25 An acid has a Ka value that is equal to 2.5 x 10-11. Is this acid most likely a strong acid or a weak acid? Why?