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Using GIS to Evaluate the Social Determinants of Health. Michael Dulin. Disclosures. I have no relationships to disclose. I will not discuss off label use and/or investigational use in my presentation. Funding from: NIH (R01 MD006127) The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation NIH (R24 MD004930).
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Using GIS to Evaluate the Social Determinants of Health Michael Dulin
Disclosures • I have no relationships to disclose. • I will not discuss off label use and/or investigational use in my presentation. • Funding from: • NIH (R01 MD006127) • The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation • NIH (R24 MD004930)
Goal • Examine the relationship between social determinants and health outcomes • Design and validate GIS models that can identify areas within our community in need of health resources • Implement community-based interventions to improve appropriate healthcare utilization
Community-Based Participatory Research Community Advisory Board (CAB)
Community Advisory Board (CAB) • Healthcare System (Providers, Administrators) • School Board • City/County Management • Parks Department • Law Enforcement • Community • Academic (Social Sciences, Statistical Support, GIS) • Health Department
Variables • Race / Ethnicity • Income • Access to Grocery Stores • Distance to Green Space • Access to Public Transportation • Access to Healthcare • Social Network • Hospitalizations • ED Visits • Primary Care Treatable ED Visits • Utilization of Primary Care • Quality of Life
Survey Variable Selection Process Research Team Key Actors CAB Latino Community & Healthcare Providers
Themes Identified / Data Elements Selected • Education – Hispanic Population Speaking Spanish at Home and Not Proficient in English • Economic Status - Hispanic/Latino Families below the Poverty Line • Acculturation - Time of Arrival/Latin American-born Population who Entered U.S. in 2000 or Later and are Not U.S. Citizens • Safety - Violent Crime Rate
Latin American Born Population who Entered the US after 2000 and not US Citizens
Hispanic Children Speaking Spanish at Home - Not Proficient in English
Latin American-Born Population that Entered the U.S. in 2000 or Later
Combining Variables • Variables Identified are Normalized • CAB asked to Weigh Each Variable • Variables are combined • CAB Adds Exclusion Criteria • Composite Map Created Dulin MF, et. al. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) demonstrating primary care needs for a transitioning Hispanic community. J Am Board Fam Med. 2010 Jan-Feb;23(1):109-20. Dulin MF, et. al. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to understand a community’s primary care needs. J Am Board Fam Med. 2010 Jan-Feb;23(1):13-21
Neighborhood Evaluation / Ground Truthing • Drill Down to the Neighborhood Level • Validation Process Started • Qualitative / Photovoice • Quantitative • Begin to Build Intervention Team