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Determining Average Atomic Weights of Elements and Isotopes

Learn how to calculate the average atomic weight of an element using the abundances of its isotopes. This example problem provides step-by-step instructions for determining the average atomic weight of chlorine.

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Determining Average Atomic Weights of Elements and Isotopes

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  1. Section 2.4 Atomic Weights

  2. Atomic Weight • Determined by average atomic masses of the isotopes of an element Atomic Weight = Sum of multiplying the abundance of each isotope by its atomic mass

  3. Isotopes: There are 23 known isotopes of krypton, 6 stable and 17 unstable. Natural krypton contains the 6 stable isotopes.

  4. Sample Atomic Weight Problem • Naturally occurring chlorine is 75.78% 35Cl, which has an atomic mass of 34.969 amu, and 24.22% 37Cl, which has an atomic mass of 36.966 amu. Calculate the average atomic weight of chlorine.

  5. Solution Average atomic weight = (0.7578)(34.969 amu) + (0.2422)(36.966 amu) = 35.45 amu Don’t forget your Sig Figs!!!

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