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Mineral fine structure defends the cuticle of the American lobster ( Homarus americanus )

Mineral fine structure defends the cuticle of the American lobster ( Homarus americanus ). J.G. Kunkel, W. Nagel, M. Jercinovic UMass Amherst, MA. Calcite vs Apatite : Contrasting functions in lobster cuticle. An Apatite for Lobster?. Calcite and Amorphous Calcium Carbonate.

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Mineral fine structure defends the cuticle of the American lobster ( Homarus americanus )

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  1. Mineral fine structure defends the cuticle of the American lobster(Homarusamericanus) J.G. Kunkel, W. Nagel, M. Jercinovic UMass Amherst, MA

  2. Calcite vs Apatite: Contrasting functions in lobster cuticle An Apatite for Lobster? Calcite and Amorphous Calcium Carbonate • Bone (Carbonate Apatite) in Canals and Trabeculae

  3. Biomineralization Models Lobster as a model system in study of composite materials Properties are computed for a hierarchically averaged material! (Raabe 2010) Dusseldorf (Raabe), Ulm (Ziegler) and Linz (Hild)

  4. Cuticle Heterogeneity: Organules - Bristles and Dermal Glands 2 Three or four stadia of organule development: 10% linear growth requires 21% increase per molt. 3 1 3 2 1

  5. Electron Microprobe Images of Lobster Minerals Flexible Carbonate-Apatite Formula Ca10-x+u(PO4)6-x(CO3)x(OH)2-x+2u • z H2O Canals and Trabeculae Bone Trabecula:

  6. Canal (False Color) Mineral ID

  7. Canal (False Color) Mineral ID

  8. Major Conclusion: • Lobsters use ‘apatite’ for critical skeletal structures. • Apatite: Ca5(PO4)3 OH Ca:P = 5:3 Ca/P = 1.667 • Dermal gland and neurite canals - Ca:P 2:1 - - 7:1 • A flexible carbonate apatite formula is followed. • Ca10-x+u(PO4)6-x(CO3)x(OH)2-x+2u • z H2O

  9. Major Conclusion about divalent Cations: • Ca has an even density across the calcite layer. • Mg + other divalent cations decline in density toward surface. • Carbonate dissolution at cuticle surface makes surface alkaline.

  10. Artificial Lesions d1 ----------------------------- d34 --------------------------------------- d59 d1 ========================== d25 Aug 26 Sept 29 Oct 24

  11. Probing Protocol for Ion and O2 Flux

  12. Artificial Lesion H+ and Ca2+ Flux in pH 8.2 Bkg

  13. Mineral Model of Lobster Cuticle

  14. Acknowledgements • UMass Amherst, Biology • Al Shipley, Mike Zeitchek, Amanda Sceusa, Edwin Han, Sunyoung Yang. • UMass Amherst, Geosciences • Mike Jercinovic • Sheila Seamens • Anna Keskula • LM-University, Munich, Germany • Wolfram Nagel, Physiology • Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria • Sabine Hild, Polymerwissenschaft Institute • KatjaHuemer • URI: Kathy Castro, Barbara Somers, Thomas Angell • Maine DMR: Carl Wilson, Maine Ventless Trap program

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