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Japanese Isolationism & The Meiji Restoration

Japanese Isolationism & The Meiji Restoration. World History December 13, 2013. Japan’s Geography. Japan is a mountainous archipelago It is located in the Ring of Fire It is close to China, but for the most part is physically separated from other nations. Japan’s Policy of Isolation.

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Japanese Isolationism & The Meiji Restoration

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  1. Japanese Isolationism & The Meiji Restoration World History December 13, 2013

  2. Japan’s Geography • Japan is a mountainous archipelago • It is located in the Ring of Fire • It is close to China, but for the most part is physically separated from other nations

  3. Japan’s Policy of Isolation • In the early 1600s, Japan shut itself off from the world • This is called isolationism • Under the rule of the Tokugawa shoguns, Japan remained strictly ordered by following a system of feudalism • Samurai warriors kept Japan protected and fairly peaceful for two centuries • Throughout a period of 200 years, many foreign countries had requested trade with Japan • Japan refused

  4. Japanese Culture and Economy • Religion • Mixture of native Shintoism and Zen Buddhism • Also a sense of Confucianism • Economy • Growing internal trade during the Edo period • Merchants began to surpass the samurai in wealth • Rigid Social Order • These limits were being tested by the end of the Tokugawa Shogunate

  5. End of Japanese Isolationism • U.S. Commodore Matthew Perry (1794 – 1858) • 1853 – gunboat diplomacy • 1854 – trade treaty with the U.S. • Great Britain, Netherlands, and Russia soon gained similar trading rights • Townsend Harris (1804 – 1878) • U.S. Consul General to Japan • 1858 – commercial treaty between U.S. and Japan • European powers soon gained similar rights in Japan

  6. The Japanese Reaction

  7. Meiji Restoration • When the unpopular Tokugawa Shogun stepped down in 1867, the young Emperor Mutsuhito made many changes • Shogun had to give up power • Power was officially in the hands of Emperor Mutsuhito • Wanted to modernize, industrialize, and militarize • This began the Meiji Era (1867-1913) • Meiji = “enlightened rule”

  8. Reforms

  9. Japanese Imperialism • Imperialization = things having to do with an empire • Why did Japan look to imperialize? • Lack of fertile land for agriculture • Markets for finished products • Need for the raw materials of industry • Population growth • Response to Western Imperialism

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