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World Religions

World Religions. UNIT 5. ENERGIZER. Please have the following out at the bell: Notes Reading Summary. Thursday, march 8. I CAN… describe the purpose of religious rituals. cross-reference my research between two sources. Hinduism History. Began in India Complex, polytheistic faith

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World Religions

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  1. World Religions UNIT 5

  2. ENERGIZER • Please have the following out at the bell: • Notes • Reading • Summary

  3. Thursday, march 8 I CAN… • describe the purpose of religious rituals. • cross-reference my research between two sources.

  4. HinduismHistory • Began in India • Complex, polytheistic faith • India, Pakistan, Bangladesh • Sri Lanka and SE Asia

  5. Hinduismhistory • Evolved over hundreds of years • Indus River people and Aryan invaders • Not a single religion • Embraces many traditions

  6. HinduismBeliefs • Brahman: “World Soul” • All existence is a reflection of Brahman • Every creature a soul  atman • Material world is an illusion • Goal: connect your atman with Brahman • Samsara (“wheel of life”): cycle of life, death, and rebirth • Karma (“law of deeds”): actions have consequences • Brahma (Creator), Vishnu (Preserver), and Shiva (Destroyer)

  7. HinduismSacred texts • Vedas (“knowledge”): four scriptures • Rig-Veda: oldest  hymns and stories about the gods • Upanishads: essays and poems about Hindu concepts • Law of Manu: supported the caste system

  8. BuddhismHistory • Began in India • Numerous forms • Theravada • Mahayana

  9. Buddhismhistory • Religious debate in Hinduism • Founder: Siddhartha Gautama • Born to aristocratic family  went on his own • Found the “middle way” • Buddha: “the awakened one” • Less a religion, more a philosophy

  10. BuddhismBeliefs • Souls evolve toward perfection • Rejected caste system • Four Noble Truths • Eightfold Path of good conduct • Nirvana: state of superconsciousness

  11. BuddhismFour Noble Truths • Human existence is inseparable from suffering; • Cause of suffering is desire; • Suffering is extinguished by extinguishing desire; • Desire can be extinguished following the Eightfold Path: • Truth • Resist evil • Respect

  12. JainismHistory • Began in India • Break with Hinduism • Non-violence • Self-denial

  13. Jainismhistory • Tirthankaras: 24 historical figures • Teachers of truth • Mahavira: 24thTirthankara founder • Born into warrior class • Renounced the world • Fasted to death

  14. JainismBeliefs • Universe is eternal  nothing created or destroyed • Heavens (8), earthly realms, and hells (8) • No creator god • Deities in heaven help humans • Humans can attain “perfect beingness” • Jivas: souls attached to bodies • Immobile and single-sensed • Mobile and multi-sensed

  15. World religionsRituals, beliefs, & holidays • Ritual: ceremony with religious meaning • Beliefs: principles • Holidays: religious celebrations

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