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Learn about accelerations and decelerations in fetal heart rate monitoring during labor. Understand the significance of different types of decelerations and what they indicate about the fetus's health.
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Accelerations Accelerations are an abrupt increase in baseline heart rate of >15 bpm for >15 seconds The presence of accelerations is reassuring Antenatally there should be at least 2 accelerations every 15 minutes Accelerations occurring alongside uterine contractions is a sign of a healthy fetus However the absence of accelerations with an otherwise normal CTG is of uncertain significance
Decelerations are an abrupt decrease in baseline heart rate of >15 bpm for >15 seconds but < 2 min There are a number of different types of decelerations, each with varying significance
Early deceleration Early decelerations start when uterine contraction begins & recover when uterine contraction stops. Nadir of the deceleration occurs at the same time as the peak of the contraction This is due to increased foetal intracranial pressure causing increased vagal tone It therefore quickly resolves once the uterine contraction ends & intracranial pressure reduces This type of deceleration is therefore considered to be physiological & not pathological
