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Paratyphoid Infection in Ducks and Geese: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Prevention

Understand Paratyphoid Infection (PT) in ducks and geese, its symptoms like arthritis and diarrhea, diagnosis methods, and prevention strategies through sanitation, probiotics, and vaccination.

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Paratyphoid Infection in Ducks and Geese: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Prevention

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  1. Paratyphoid Infection(PT) Prof. Dr./ WafaaAbd El-ghany Professor of poultry dis., Fac. Vet. Med., Cairo Univ.

  2. In Ducks and Geese • Arthritis. • The bird is unable to move or stand. • Diarrhea. • Nervous manifestation: • Trembling or shivering. • Kicking and violent movement. • Move in circle. • Keeling over backward with leg paddling (Keel disease).

  3. P/M lesions in Ducks and Geese • Necrotic foci on the liver. • Distended gall bladder. • Enteritis. • The ureter is distended with ureates. • Enlargement and congestion of the internal organs. • Pericarditis and perihepatitis. • Degeneration of the ovary (in ducks). NB: The disease in ducks is caused by S. anatum.

  4. Diagnosis • Clinical signs and lesions are suggestive. • Isolation and identification from internal organs during infection, intestine, fecal swab of living bird, litter, egg shell or egg contents and hatchery to follow up he cycle of infection. • In adult serological tests are of limited value as the organism localized in the intestine .

  5. Differential diagnosis • PT infection must be differentiated from pullorum disease, Colisepticeamia, colienteritis and other bacterial septicaemic affections affect young birds. • Arthritis due to PT should be differentiated from other bacterial, viral and nutritional causes.

  6. Prevention • Prevention of PTis based manly on sanitation and sound measures in poultry houses, egg store and hatcheries to prevent introduction and spread of infection. • Administrations of probiotics are exhibiting activity against various PT salmonellae in chickens and turkeys that diminish both intestinal colonization and subsequent invasion to internal tissues(Competitive Exclusion).

  7. Prevention • Vaccination with either killed or live preparations has been found to reduce susceptibility of poultry to PT infection. • Live Salmonella vaccines can be used. • A temperature-sensitive mutant and a strain attenuated by repeated passage in chickens give a strong protection against intestinal colonization and organ invasion by S. typhimurium.

  8. Control • Medications with antibiotics to treat PT are effective. • The injectable antibiotics such as gentamicin and spectinomycin in the hatchery played a vital role in controlling the spread of infection in turkey poults. • Administration of salinomycin sodium as feed additives and treatment with enrofloxacin in water reduced fecal shedding in breeder flocks.

  9. Control • The administration of some antibioticshas been reported to increase the susceptibility of poultry to Salmonella infection, by suppressing the growth of other micro flora capable of execrating inhibitory activity against salmonellae. • Both therapeutic and subtherapeutic antibiotic administration has been shown to select for drug-resistant strains.

  10. Thank you

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