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Electricity and Magnetism Chapter 13

Electricity and Magnetism Chapter 13. Lesson 1 How does matter become charged?. What is matter? Matter is anything that has mass. Electric Charges. We have to start with atoms- the building blocks of life. For example: a piece of paper is 1 million atoms thick.

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Electricity and Magnetism Chapter 13

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  1. Electricity and MagnetismChapter 13

  2. Lesson 1 How does matter become charged? What is matter? • Matter is anything that has mass.

  3. Electric Charges • We have to start with atoms- the building blocks of life. • For example: a piece of paper is 1 million atoms thick. • Almost all atoms have 3 different particles: positive charge, negative charge, or no charge. • Most things usually have the same amount of positive and negative charges making it neutral.

  4. Static Electricity • So what happens when the positive and negative charges are no longer equal? • Static electricity happens! • When the electricity moves it generates electrical energy, which turns into sound, light, and heat energy.

  5. How do charged objects behave? • If you have a positively charged object and a negatively charged object they will pull towards each other. (opposites attract) • The attraction causes an electric force. • An electric force is a pull or push between objects that have a different charge.

  6. Attraction • When two objects pull towards each other they are considered to be attracted to each other. • When two objects push against each other theyrepelling from each other.

  7. An Electric Field • The space around charges objects- it is invisible, we can’t see it. • It is strongest close to the charged object. • A positive electric field attracts ________ charges and a negative field attracts _______ charges.

  8. Video Link • http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/F51FEBCA-8DC3-4DDB-8AF0-C1575ED42DF9

  9. Lesson 2How do electric charges flow?

  10. Electric Charges Moving • Static electricity stays in one place, but most electricity is on the go! • If an electric charge is in motion it is considered an electric current. • An electric current travels quickly and invisibly.

  11. Conductors • Electricity moves through different objects at different speeds, depending on what it is made of. • If electricity flows well through a material it is called a conductor. • Copper, most metals, and silver are great conductors of electricity.

  12. Insulators • These are materials that electricity does not flow through very well. • Some examples of insulators would be: plastic, rubber, glass, and dry wood. • Wires have insulation on the outside of them to keep electrical charges from making contact with other wires.

  13. Video Link • http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/3B45BC19-8A99-4511-AA32-F094DF43E1E7

  14. Circuits • Electricity flows through a circuit. • There are 2 main types of circuits: series and parallel.

  15. Series Circuit • A series circuit has only ONE path that electricity can flow through. • When the power source is turned on (light switch) the charged particles start moving in ONE direction. • For example, if you had 5 light bulbs lined up in a series circuit and you turned on the light switch, all 5 bulbs would light up the same. • If one of those bulbs burns out, the rest of the bulbs would turn off as well, because the electricity is moving in one direction.

  16. Series Circuit Continued… • Do you notice the ONE flow of electricity? • What would happen if the 1st bulb burned out?

  17. Parallel Circuits • This type of circuit has 2 or more paths for electricity to flow through. • The main loop in the circuit leaves from and returns to the power source, but along the loop there are little loops. • Each little loop has a separate path for the for the electric charge. • Circuits in your home, school, and big buildings are parallel.

  18. Parallel Circuits Continued… • Do you see 2 or more loops? • If one of the bulbs burned out, would all of them turn off?

  19. Video Link • http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/DFE445F3-B755-46E5-95AF-FFE3AF65D42A

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