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IDRS 即時互動式網際網路數位電台解決方案

IDRS 即時互動式網際網路數位電台解決方案. 黃崇明 國立成功大學資訊工程研究所 多媒體網路實驗室. 傳統媒體 廣播 電視 1- to-n 的傳送模式 節目型態 Stored media ( 影片,音樂) Live media Call-in. 目前業界方案 RealNetwork (Realaudio, Realvideo) Microsoft Media Server 飛碟電台 ICRT. 主要問題. 利用點播 ( unicast) 技術:頻寬需求和上線使用人數成正比 單向點播:聽眾 Call-in 時,仍必須用電話機

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IDRS 即時互動式網際網路數位電台解決方案

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  1. IDRS 即時互動式網際網路數位電台解決方案 黃崇明 國立成功大學資訊工程研究所 多媒體網路實驗室

  2. 傳統媒體 • 廣播 • 電視 1-to-n 的傳送模式 • 節目型態 • Stored media (影片,音樂) • Live media • Call-in

  3. 目前業界方案 • RealNetwork (Realaudio, Realvideo) • Microsoft Media Server • 飛碟電台 • ICRT

  4. 主要問題 • 利用點播 (unicast) 技術:頻寬需求和上線使用人數成正比 • 單向點播:聽眾Call-in 時,仍必須用電話機 • 單一網路服務品質及媒體展現品質: 網路擁擠和順暢時,都放送相同的資料量到使用者端,完全沒有服務品質(QOS)可言

  5. 我們的解決方案: • 利用群播(multicast) 技術:節省大量頻寬,因使用人數和頻寬要求無絕對關係 • 雙向互動傳播:聽眾Call-in 時,直接用電腦和網路,即相當於結合 Real Player / Media Player 和 I-phone為一體的軟體系統

  6. 我們的解決方案: • 使用者端俱有自控服務品質的功能:把Video資料分層(layer),使用者端在網路順暢時,收播多一些video layers,網路擁擠時,收播少一些video layers。而系統會依使用者的要求,自動做好影音同步 • 提供點播和群播Gateway (AGW):處在未提供群播(multicast)功能ISP上的使用者,仍能利用點播(unicast)方式,收播到群播網路上的節目

  7. 點對點 • 群播

  8. 群播技術與MBone • Multicast (群播) Multicasting sends a single copy of the data to those clients who request it. Multiple copies of data are not sent across the network, nor is data sent to clients who do not want it. • MBone  Multicast Backbone The MBone is a virtual network consisting of those portions of the Internet, sometimes called multicast islands, on which multicasting has been enabled.

  9. 簡介 (續) • Multicasts that must travel across areas of the Internet that are not yet multicast-enabled are sent as unicasts until they reach the next multicast enabled island.

  10. 多媒體群播應用軟體的設計考量 • 即時通訊技術層面 • Packet Loss & Jitter • Intra, Inter-stream synchronization • 管理層面 • 目前網路環境中只有部分router連上MBone. • Scalability : Unicast  Gateway  Multicast • 轉換閘道伺服器必須 • 對使用者透明化 • 方便管理

  11. 全方位即時通訊系統整合方案: • IDRS (Interactive Digital Radio Station) • IMS (Interactive Music Station) • IAVS (Interactive Audio & Video Station) • QMAV (QoS-based Multicast Audio and Video System) • What can they do? • Internet-based radio,music, and TV systems. • Provide a multimedia multicast environment. • Include media streaming & multiple-stream synchronization Techniques. • Two-way communication in the 1-to-n networking environment: an audience or a spectator can have Call-Ins using a computer.

  12. IDRS 系統執行架構

  13. IDRS系統執行架構 (續) • 兩種連線模式 • audience PCs are attached directly to the same LAN in which the mrouter is located • audience PCs are not attached to the LANs that are associated with MBONE

  14. Audio Gateway (媒體流轉換閘) • 目前Multicast的環境 • Multicast  Unicast

  15. Audience GateWay

  16. Call-In Mix SNG 運作模式 • 共有三種運作模式 • Listen mode • Call-in mode • Dual server mode

  17. QoS視訊傳輸機制 • 視訊媒體的壓縮格式特性 I P P D P P D P P D P P D P P I Frame 不需參考 D Frame 向前參考I或D Frame P Frame 向前參考I,D或P Frame

  18. I P P D P P D P P D P P D P P QoS視訊傳輸機制 (續) • 串流分層 利用不同Frame間的相依特性, 可分出三組Frame

  19. QoS視訊傳輸機制 (續) Base Layer I D D D D P P P Enhancement Layer 1 P P Enhancement Layer 2 P P P P P

  20. Live Audio MP3 Base Layer Enhance Layer1 Enhance Layer2 Live Audio Live Audio MP3 MP3 Base Layer Base Layer EnhanceLayer1 EnhanceLayer2 IAVS 之QoS機制 • 使用者可根據自己的網路環境, 動態選擇要接收的Media Layer Live Audio Client 連接Modem Client 連接 ADSL Client 連接T1網路

  21. IAVS QoS機制特性 • 從Modem使用者到高速網路使用者都可接收節目 • 提供多種媒體, 多重品質的節目內容 • 收訊途中使用者可隨時切換接收的媒體層級, 以因應網際網路環境的變化特性

  22. 管理層面 –閘道指位器 • 要解決的問題: • Which one of existing AGWs is suitable for me? • How to manage these AGWs? • Is there an easy way for clients to get connecting without maintaining an AGW address list locally?

  23. 閘道指位器 (續) • Heterogeneous communication model of our approach AGW Clients using unicast Clients using multicast

  24. 閘道指位器 (續) • Heterogeneous Environment ……… Client Client Client Query process Station Locater ……… AGW AGW AGW

  25. 閘道指位器 (續) The web server executes address indexer. The indexer searches the active AGW list to get an appropriate address according to the address of request client. • System Locater Architecture and Operation scheme Station Locater Address Indexer Database The Browser has a connection to the web server 2 Web Server 1 Java daemon maintain Active AGW List The Client connects with the specific AGW and starts to receive the program. 3 Client Brower + IDRS(IMS, IAVS) ActiveX Clone The web server returns the AGW’s IP address to client’s ActiveX system. Alive Packets 4 AGW

  26. 結論 • 本實驗室發展出一系列即時互動式群播通訊解決方案, 是能切合目前網路環境並提供有效率溝通的應用軟體 • IDRS, IMS, IAVS, and QMAV 中的各項子系統或元件可應用在網際網路中提供多媒體娛樂資訊. • 彈性化的媒體流轉換閘以及閘道指位器所形成的通訊架構能夠大幅擴張應用領域及群播軟體的應用範圍

  27. 本實驗室之即時系統整合方案特性為: • Interactive modes • It is designed to support heterogeneous environments. • The real-time voice compression algorithm is adopted. • Response delay control • Synchronization of the call-in stream and audio streams. • Audience gateway (AGW) • Station Locater • Multiple platform support

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