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Sunni & Shi’a

Sunni & Shi’a. Advanced Global Literature. Symbol for the Islamic Faith. On flags of Islamic countries Waning moon & morning star (Venus) 5 pillars of Islam Al-Shahadah: one god As-Salah: prayer Az-Zakah: tithe % of income As-Siam: fasting (Ramadan) Al-Hadj: pilgrimage to Mecca.

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Sunni & Shi’a

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  1. Sunni & Shi’a Advanced Global Literature

  2. Symbol for the Islamic Faith • On flags of Islamic countries • Waning moon & morning star (Venus) • 5 pillars of Islam • Al-Shahadah: one god • As-Salah: prayer • Az-Zakah: tithe % of income • As-Siam: fasting (Ramadan) • Al-Hadj: pilgrimage to Mecca

  3. Basic Similarities • both Shi’a & Sunni follow the Quran • from Arabic root "qa-ra-'a" meaning "recitation" • over 10 million people living today have memorized the Quran in Arabic • both Shi’a & Sunni bow toward Mecca in prayer • http://youtube.com/watch?v=WCe4bOlBE1k&feature=related

  4. Basic Difference • both Shi’a & Sunni believe in messiah • Mahdi: “the rightly-guided one” • role to bring a just global caliphate into being • Shi’a: messiah will return from hiding • Sunni: messiah has yet to emerge

  5. Sunni Majority • 85 to 90% world wide • largest sect of Islam • Ahl ul-Sunna • in Arabic: أهل السنة • “the folks of the tradition” Shi’a Majorities:Iran,Bahrain,Azerbaijan, Iraq,Lebanon

  6. 632: The Prophet’s Death After Muhammad died, followers could not agree • bloodline successors? • leaders who would follow Muslim tenets?

  7. Shi’a Decision • “imams” • descendants of Muhammad • 1st imam: cousin & son-in-law • Ali was also the 4th “caliph”

  8. Sunni Decision • “caliphs” • leaders who would follow Muslim tenets • 1st caliph: Prophet’s adviser, Abu Bakr • recognize heirs of 1st 4 caliphs as legitimate

  9. 656: Violence • Ali’s supporters killed 3rd caliph • Sunnis killed Ali’s son Husain • fighting continued • Sunnis claimed victory

  10. 874: 11th Imam Died • 11th imam’s son disappeared from his father’s funeral • Shi’a saw child as messiah • largest group of Shi’a “Twelvers” • preparing for messiah’s return since disappearance • no divinely guided political leadership until 1978

  11. Caliphate Rule Ends WWI • Sunni & Shi’a united • rebellion against British • end of Ottoman Empire • lost guardian of Islamic law & state • contact with Western political structures created tensions • struggle to provide viable alternative to caliphate • Sunni fundamentalist leaders emerged 1924 Late 1920s

  12. 1928: al-Ikhwan al-Muslimun • Muslim Brotherhood • founded by Hasan al-Banna, Egyptian schoolteacher • first Islamic fundamentalist movement in Sunni world • reaction after WWI to western"wave of atheism and lewdness”

  13. 1978: Shi’a Leadership • Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini • 1st Shi’a Imam since 874 • authority of legitimate Shi’a religious figure

  14. 1920s to Present: Culture Clash with the West • Western cultural vices • uncovered women • liquor • theaters & dance halls • media & literature • Western education & science an affront • detrimental to Islamic traditions & beliefs • cause of moral decline within Muslim community

  15. Source “What Is the Difference Between Sunni and Shiite Muslims?” HNN. History News Network. 9 Sept. 2002. 2 Feb. 2008 <http://hnn.us/articles/934.html>.

  16. The End

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