1992 Census of Transportation, Communications, and Utilities, Definitions of Industries

2. 1992 Census of Transportation, Communications, and Utilities, Definitions of Industries • Bureau of the Census, Transport Publications • Bureau of Transportation Statistics

3. Transportation Policy Railroads

4. Railroad Statistics • There are approximately 150,000 miles of railroad track in the United States, nearly all standard gauge

5. Federal Law • 45 USC Railroads • 49 USC Transportation • 49 CFR Transportation • LexisNexis Congressional • <Legislative Histories, Bills & Laws> • <US Code> • <railroads> • <reorganization> • 452 out of 529 • Railroad Law promotes public and railroad employees’ safety by fighting to preserve grade crossing protection standards for railroad employees under the FELA • The Section covers all areas of railroad litigation including employee injuries and occupational illnesses, derailments, collisions, and crossing accidents

6. A complex history of federal government - railroad corporation relationships • Rise of Industrial America, 1876-1900 • Railroad Land Grants • Chronology of the Northern Pacific Railroad Co. • Pacific Railway Acts • Northern Pacific Railroad Land Grant • History of Railroads and Maps • Land Grants

10. Interstate Commerce Commission • Interstate Commerce Act 1887 • Transportation Act of 1920 • Staggers Rail Act 1980 • One of three major Acts passed in a two year period, as the cumulative result of efforts to reform transport regulation begun in 1971, in the Richard Nixon Administration • Superseded almost a century of detailed regulation begun with the establishment of the Interstate Commerce Commission in 1887 • Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 and the Motor Carrier Act of 1980 • Interstate Commerce Commission Termination Act of 1995

11. Railway • Railroad maps (Library of Congress) • Federal Railroad Administration • Overview of US Freight Railroads (National Atlas)

12. Class I Railroads (Association of American Railroads) • Railroads with annual gross revenues of at least $250 million (in 1991), according to the U.S. Department of Transportation • Largest long-distance U.S. railroad systems such as Union Pacific-Southern Pacific, Norfolk Southern, CSX, and Burlington Northern-Santa Fe, which own most of the track in the United States • Since passage of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, aimed at deregulating the once highly-regulated industry to make it more efficient and cost-competitive, the number of Class I railroads has declined through consolidations and mergers, from more than 30, to eight in 1998 • This consolidation has concerned many agricultural shippers—particularly those who lack access to nearby markets or to water transportation—fearful of higher prices due to lack of competition • List of Class 1 Railroads (Wikipedia)

13. Class I railways defined as a railway company with an operating revenue exceeding $319.3 million. • CSX Transportation • Norfolk Southern Railway • BNSF Railway • Union Pacific Railroad • Kansas City Southern Railway • Canadian National Railway • Canadian Pacific Railway

14. Former Class 1 Railroads (Minnesota) • Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad • Chicago & Northwestern Railway • Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway • Duluth, Missabe and Iron Range Railway • Duluth, South Shore and Atlantic Railway • Duluth, Winnipeg and Pacific Railway • Minneapolis and St. Louis Railway

15. Class II and III Railroads (Minnesota Department of Transportation) • Duluth, Missabe and Iron Range Railway • Shortline Railroads (Rail USA) • Minnesota Prairie Line Inc (Twin Cities and Western Railroad) • Twin Cities and Western Railroad(Map) • Minnesota Northern Railroad

16. The Association of American Railroads group non Class-1 ailroad companies into three categories • Regional railroads operate at least 350 miles or make at least $40 million per year • Local railroads are non-regional railroads that engage in line-haul service. • Switching and terminal railroads that switch cars between other railroads or provide service from other lines to a common terminal

17. Duluth, Missabe and Iron Range Railway • About the DM&IR Railroad

18. Duluth, Missabe and Iron Range Railway • The largest iron ore handling railroad in North America • 212 miles of track in Northeastern Minnesota • Moves ore from Minnesota's taconite plants on Minnesota's Mesabi Iron Range to DM&IR dock facilities at either Duluth or Two Harbors, or to connecting railroads at Superior, Wisconsin • Ore then transported either by lake vessel or unit train to steel mills • Atlas of North American Railroads

19. Other commodities limestone, clay, coal, and wood products • Direct connections BNSF, CN, CPRS, and UP • Acquired by Canadian National in May 2004, including the rail and marine holdings of Great Lakes Transportation LLC, which also includes Bessemer & Lake Erie Railroad and the Pittsburgh & Conneaut Dock switching company

20. Dakota, Minnesota & Eastern Railroad

22. The Duluth, Winnipeg and Pacific Railway is a subsidiary of Canadian National Railway operating in northern Minnesota

23. Freight Transportation

24. Federal Railroad Administration • Created by the Department of Transportation Act of 1966 (49 U.S.C. 103, Section 3(e)(1)) • promulgate and enforce rail safety regulations • administer railroad assistance programs • conduct research and development in support of improved railroad safety and national rail transportation policy • provide for the rehabilitation of Northeast Corridor rail passenger service • consolidate government support of rail transportation activities.  • Operates through seven divisions under the offices of the Administrator and Deputy Administrator

25. Issue Briefs • Freight Railroading • Passenger Rail • Legislation • Regulations • Selected Court Decisions

26. Amtrak (the National Railroad Passenger Corporation) • Created on May 1, 1971, by the mergers of several rail passenger services • A quasi-governmental agency all of its preferred stock is owned by the federal government • Some common stock is held by the private railroads that transferred their passenger service to Amtrak in 1971 • Though Amtrak stock does not pay dividends and is not routinely traded, a small number of private investors have purchased Amtrak stock from its original owners • The nationwide network of 22,000 miles of line serves 500 communities in 46 states of the United States and Canada • In fiscal year 2006, Amtrak served an estimated 25 million passengers, a company record

27. Amtrak • Amtrak owned by the federal government • Members of its board of directors are appointed by the President of the United States and are subject to confirmation by the United States Senate. • Amtrak employs nearly 19,000 people • Operates passenger service on 21,000 miles of track primarily owned by other railroads connecting 500 destinations in 46 states • Some routes serve Canada • In fiscal year 2006, Amtrak served 24.3 million passengers • National Route Map • Empire Builder

28. Amtrack

29. Conrail

30. Burlington Northern Santa Fe

31. BNSF • Headquarters in Fort Worth is • One of the four remaining transcontinental railroads networks in • Union Pacific Railroad • BNSF Railway moves more intermodal traffic than any other rail system in the world. • Formed December 31, 1996 when the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway was merged into the Burlington Northern Railroad – Burlington Northern • In 1999 the BNSF Railway and the Canadian National Railway announced their intention to merge and form a new corporation, the North American Railways to be headquartered in Montreal, Canada • The United States' Surface Transportation Board (STB) placed a 15 month moratorium on all rail mergers • On January 24, 2005, the railroad's name was officially changed to BNSF Railway.

32. The railway is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation, the holding company formed by the September 22, 1995 merger of Burlington Northern, Incorporated and the Santa Fe Pacific Corporation • According to corporate press releases, the BNSF Railway moves more grain than any other American railroad. It also hauls enough coal to generate roughly 10% of the electricity produced in the United States • The company's northern route completes the high speed link from Asia to the eastern United States. This was the route of the Great Northern Railway's Silk Extras in the 1920s. They had priority over all other trains stopping only for refueling and crew changes. These trains transported silk to the east from ships arriving from Japan to Seattle ports.

33. BNSF Freight Yards North Minneapolis

34. Surface Transportation Board • Created in the Interstate Commerce Commission Termination Act of 1995 and is the successor agency to the Interstate Commerce Commission • An independent agency although administratively affiliated with the Department of Transportation • Serves as an adjudicatory and a regulatory body • Has jurisdiction over • railroad rate and service issues and rail restructuring transactions (mergers, line sales, line construction, and line abandonments) • certain trucking company, moving van, and non-contiguous ocean shipping company rate matters • certain intercity passenger bus company structure, financial, and operational matters • rates and services of certain pipelines not regulated by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

35. Suburban or Commuter Railroads

36. Minnesota Railroads • Rail in Minnesota (MNDoT) • Minnesota Regional Railroads Association

37. Regional Railroad Authorities • Dakota County Regional Railroad Authority • Ramsey County Regional Rail • Washington County Regional Railroad Authority • Hennepin County Regional Railroad Authority

38. Union Pacific

39. Abandoned Railways - Rails to Trails • Court Case (2004) • Rails to Trails Conservancy • Parks & Trails Council of Minnesota • RailsandTrails.com