What is the message of this cartoon?

1. The cartoon shows Hitler's armies marching past him - but at the front are politicians such as Chamberlain, Clemenceau, Laval and Mussolini. They have rolled up the ‘Treaty of Versailles’, and carry a flag saying: ’17 Years of Lost Opportunity’. This drawing by the British cartoonist David Low (20 March 1935) is titled 'Cause comes before effect'.

2. What is the message of this cartoon?

3. To do this question, you need first to borrow two concepts from English: Denotation (what you see) Connotation (how it affects its audience) The cartoon shows Hitler's armies marching past him - but at the front are politicians such as Chamberlain, Clemenceau, Laval and Mussolini. They have rolled up the ‘Treaty of Versailles’, and carry a flag saying: ’17 Years of Lost Opportunity’. This drawing by the British cartoonist David Low (20 March 1935) is titled 'Cause comes before effect'.

4. Denotation Hitler gives the Nazi salute to a march-past of his armies. Connotation The cartoon shows Hitler's armies marching past him - but at the front are politicians such as Chamberlain, Clemenceau, Laval and Mussolini. They have rolled up the ‘Treaty of Versailles’, and carry a flag saying: ’17 Years of Lost Opportunity’. German militarism. Meaning Hitler is openly flaunting his military power. This drawing by the British cartoonist David Low (20 March 1935) is titled 'Cause comes before effect'.

5. Denotation At the front of the column, recognisable politicians giving Hitler the Nazi salute. Connotation The cartoon shows Hitler's armies marching past him - but at the front are politicians such as Chamberlain, Clemenceau, Laval and Mussolini. They have rolled up the ‘Treaty of Versailles’, and carry a flag saying: ’17 Years of Lost Opportunity’. They are honouring/ praising him. Meaning Hitler may be growing in military power, but it is the politicians of France, Britain and Italy who are to blame - for letting him. This drawing by the British cartoonist David Low (20 March 1935) is titled 'Cause comes before effect'.

6. Denotation They have rolled up the Treaty of Versailles. Connotation The cartoon shows Hitler's armies marching past him - but at the front are politicians such as Chamberlain, Clemenceau, Laval and Mussolini. They have rolled up the ‘Treaty of Versailles’, and carry a flag saying: ’17 Years of Lost Opportunity’. Rolled up = put away/ forgotten/ abandoned. Meaning The leaders are allowing Hitler to break the terms of the Treaty of Versailles and are doing nothing to stop him. This drawing by the British cartoonist David Low (20 March 1935) is titled 'Cause comes before effect'.

7. Denotation They carry a flag saying: ’17 years of lost opportunity’. Connotation The cartoon shows Hitler's armies marching past him - but at the front are politicians such as Chamberlain, Clemenceau, Laval and Mussolini. They have rolled up the ‘Treaty of Versailles’, and carry a flag saying: ’17 Years of Lost Opportunity’. This is ironic – normally you carry a flag for things you are proud of; they ought to be ashamed. Meaning It is 17 years since the end of the First World War and STILL the leaders of the world have not agreed Disarmament. This drawing by the British cartoonist David Low (20 March 1935) is titled 'Cause comes before effect'.

8. Finally, always remember to look at: Origin (who drew it) Date (when it was published) The cartoon shows Hitler's armies marching past him - but at the front are politicians such as Chamberlain, Clemenceau, Laval and Mussolini. They have rolled up the ‘Treaty of Versailles’, and carry a flag saying: ’17 Years of Lost Opportunity’. This drawing by the British cartoonist David Low (20 March 1935) is titled 'Cause comes before effect'.

9. Date 20 March 1935. Details The cartoon shows Hitler's armies marching past him - but at the front are politicians such as Chamberlain, Clemenceau, Laval and Mussolini. They have rolled up the ‘Treaty of Versailles’, and carry a flag saying: ’17 Years of Lost Opportunity’. Four days after Hitler had held his 'Freedom to Rearm' military rally. Significance Low is reacting to Germany’s open remilitarisation. This drawing by the British cartoonist David Low (20 March 1935) is titled 'Cause comes before effect'.

10. Origin The British cartoonist David Low. Details The cartoon shows Hitler's armies marching past him - but at the front are politicians such as Chamberlain, Clemenceau, Laval and Mussolini. They have rolled up the ‘Treaty of Versailles’, and carry a flag saying: ’17 Years of Lost Opportunity’. Low hated Hitler, and believed that he wanted to take over the world. Significance Low blames the leaders for allowing Hitler to rearm. This drawing by the British cartoonist David Low (20 March 1935) is titled 'Cause comes before effect'.