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Organic Reactions Group Investigation Alkanes & Aromatics

Organic Reactions Group Investigation Alkanes & Aromatics. By: Aradhana Singh and Prabhjot Khabra. Alkanes and Aromatics undergo… . 1. COMBUSTION reactions 2. SUBSTITUTION reactions. Substitution Reactions:.

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Organic Reactions Group Investigation Alkanes & Aromatics

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  1. Organic Reactions Group Investigation Alkanes & Aromatics By: Aradhana Singh and Prabhjot Khabra

  2. Alkanes and Aromatics undergo… 1. COMBUSTION reactions 2. SUBSTITUTION reactions

  3. Substitution Reactions: • Hydrogen atom or functional group replaced by a different atom or functional group • Often, they react with halogens to produce alkyl halides or hydrogen halides Alkane examples:

  4. Aromatics example: Halogenation Combustion Reactions: Catalyst: • Alkanes and aromatics are both relatively unreactive, stable • Catalyst often needed for reaction • Heat and light are common catalysts for alkanes • Aluminium chloride, aluminium bromide and iron = common benzene catalysts • Reaction between any combustible material and an oxidizer to form an oxidized product and generate heat Complete Combustion: hydrocarbon + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water Incomplete Combustion: hydrocarbon + oxygen  carbon + carbon dioxide + carbon monoxide + water (products depend on oxygen availability)

  5. ALKANES • The number of carbons in the alkane determines its function • Propane and butane are used for propellants in aerosol sprays, where as an alkane with 17-35 carbons are a major component in lubricating oil. AROMATICS • They include a diverse range of products. • The functional groups hanging off the benzene determine the function of the molecule. • Benzene- Used for polymersand plastics, but smaller amounts are used to make other things. • Benzoic Acid- used for artificial flavours and insect repellents Uses of Alkanes and Aromatics

  6. Environmental Impacts • Alkanes: • Huge environmental concern  methane, ethane and • more are proven greenhouse gases. • Their combustion causes air pollution and ozone depletion. • Methane is the second most prevalent greenhouse gas • Propane, however, is not a green house gas • Chlorinated alkanes = heavy impact • Aromatics: • Can form ground level ozone, damage crops and material, but no huge environmental effect at global level • Human health concern • Human carcinogen

  7. CONCISE SUMMARY: • Alkanesand aromatics undergo COMBUSTION and SUBSTITUTION reactions • Combustion: Reaction between combustible material and oxidizer to form oxidized product and generate heat • Substitution: Hydrogen atom or functional group replaced by a different atom or functional group • Often produce alkyl halides or hydrogen halides if reacting with halogens • Ready for the quiz??!!?

  8. Draw the following reaction: Propane + 2 Chlorine  2-chloropropane + HCl (aq) Complete the following reactions: Determine the missing reactants:  Quiz Time!!!

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