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SOCIAL CHANGE

SOCIAL CHANGE. Transformation of culture and social institutions over time. Social change is: a) inevitable b) sometimes intentional but often unplanned c) controversial d) Variable. Causes of Social Change Sources of cultural change a) Invention b) Discovery c) Diffusion

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SOCIAL CHANGE

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  1. SOCIAL CHANGE • Transformation of culture and social institutions over time. Social change is: a) inevitable b) sometimes intentional but often unplanned c) controversial d) Variable.

  2. Causes of Social Change • Sources of cultural change a) Invention b) Discovery c) Diffusion • Social Conflict - Karl Marx • Ideas -- Max Weber • Demographic factors

  3. Modernity • Social patterns linked to industrialization • Modernization -- social change that is initiated by industrialization. • Characteristics of Modernization are: a) decline of small, traditional communities b) expansion of personal choice c) increase in diversity of beliefs d) future orientation and time consciousness

  4. Ferdinand Toennies -- modernization leads to loss of community. • Emile Durkheim -- modernization increases division of labor. • Max Weber -- modernization replaces tradition with rationality. • Karl Marx -- modernization leads to industrial capitalism.

  5. Theoretical Analysis of Modernity Structural Functionalism • Modernization leads to emergence of a mass society. A society where industry and bureaucracy have eroded traditional social ties. • Two reasons why this happened: a) scale of life has increased b) the state has grown considerably

  6. Social Conflict • Sees modernity as a class society -- a stratified society. Social inequality can only be defeated through a social revolution.

  7. Modernity and the Individual • Preindustrial societies -- characterized by tradition-directedness -- conformity to time-honored traditions. • Modern societies -- reflect other-direction --receptive to latest trends and fashions.

  8. Postmodernity • Social patterns characteristic of postindustrial societies. • Argues that: a) modernity has failed b) promise of “progress” is fading c) science not answer to all problems d) cultural debates are intensifying e) social institutions are changing

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