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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES

Discover the diverse sedimentary archives found in marine environments, ranging from continental shelves to deep abyssal plains. Explore the unique characteristics of each zone, from the smooth continental shelf to the steep continental slope and the depths of the abyssal plain. Learn about the formation of deltas, barrier islands, lagoons, and tidal flats, each hosting a variety of sediments and marine organisms.

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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES

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  1. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Marine Environment

  2. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Marine Environment Continental Shelf Flat, smooth regions that fringe continents Few km to 300 km wide Low tide to 200 m depth Similar to continental deposits Shelf planed off by changes in sea level

  3. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Marine Environment Continental Shelf Most eroded continental material ends up here Primarily sand, silt, clay Carbonates develop where clastic influx is low In shallow marine biologic impact is great

  4. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Marine Environment

  5. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Marine Environment Steeper slope than shelf 300 to 3200 m deep Zone of erosion as material from shelf moves to abyssal plain Turbidity currents (Waterville Fm.) Mostly fine sand, silt, clay Continental Slope

  6. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Marine Environment Continental Slope Turbidity Currents

  7. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Marine Environment More gradual slope at base of continental slope Continental Rise

  8. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Marine Environment Depths >3200 m Only fine clay, volcanic ash and calcareous and siliceous oozes accumulate Carbonate compensation depth Oozes are skeletal remains Coarse-grains Slumps Ice-rafted debris Deep Marine – Abyssal Plain

  9. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Transitional Environments Represents the margin between the oceans and contintents (Shorelines and coasts) Clastic sediments

  10. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Transitional Environment Carbonate sediments

  11. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Transitional Environment Deltas Δ

  12. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Transitional Environment Mississippi River Delta Deltas Prograding Delta Deposition > Erosion Upward progression of fines to coarse Subsiding basin Contain organic matter Petroleum producing

  13. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Transitional Environment Deltas

  14. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Transitional Environment Deltas Deposition = Erosion Concentric enlargement of delta Niger River Delta

  15. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Transitional Environment Deltas Erosion > Deposition No visible delta Kennebec River

  16. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Transitional Environment Barrier Islands

  17. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Transitional Environment Usually sandy Organisms include bivalves, gastropods, echinoids, and crustaceans Barrier Islands

  18. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Transitional Environment Lagoon Shallow areas land- ward of barrier islands Can be protected inlets Sediments usually silty

  19. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Transitional Environment Lagoon

  20. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Transitional Environment Tidal Flats

  21. SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES Transitional Environment Tidal Flats Exposed and covered by tides Harsh environment Alternating wet and dry Generally fine-grained Diversity is low Includes bivalves, gastropods, crustaceans, worms, and cyanobacteria

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