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Lecture 1 (Intro)

And some rin uphill and down dale, Knapping the chucky stones to pieces wi ’ hammers, Like sae mony roadmakers run daft – They say it is to see how the warld was made. - Sir Walter Raleigh Of Igneous rocks and volcanoes. Lecture 1 (Intro). Webpage for course (daytime).

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Lecture 1 (Intro)

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  1. And some rin uphill and down dale,Knapping the chucky stones to pieces wi’ hammers,Like saemonyroadmakers run daft –They say it is to see how the warld was made. - Sir Walter RaleighOf Igneous rocks and volcanoes Lecture 1 (Intro) Webpage for course (daytime) Webpage for course (nighttime)

  2. Difference between rocks and minerals

  3. Three types of rocks:

  4. Minerals in igneous rock Fig. 3.2 Minerals distributed randomly Crystals grow into one another

  5. Continental vs. oceanic crust

  6. Oceanic crust Olivine 30% Chain silicates 30% Plagioclase feldspars 40% Mineral composition of earth crust Continental crust Feldspar 58% Chain silicates 13% Quartz 11% Micas (incl. clays) 10% Calcite, Gypsum, Halite 3% Olivine 3% Misc. 2%

  7. Volcanic (extrusive) fine-grained Plutonic (intrusive) coarse-grained Types of Igneous environments

  8. Mineral compositionsContinental Intermediate Oceanic Volcanic Plutonic

  9. Three types of volcanoes due to mineral characteristics Continental Composite Oceanic

  10. Three types of volcanoes pyroclastic composite shield • < http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/pciesiel/ • gly3150/mt_st_helens2.gif > • < http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/ • 06/Mauna_Kea_cinder_cone.jpg >

  11. History of a volcano obsidian Fig. 3.14b pumice Fig. 3.15a

  12. Eroded volcano – volcanic neck Example: Devil’s Tower, Wyoming http://www.destination360.com/north-america/us/wyoming/devils-tower-national-monument

  13. Volcanic crater - caldera Example: Crater Lake, Oregon http://www.dustydavis.com/longride/2004

  14. Where do composite volcanoes occur? “Ring of Fire” Fig. 4.33

  15. Unusual volcanoes - kimberlites http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/book/export/html/170&usg

  16. Unusual volcanoes - kimberlites Associated with hotspots

  17. Loper and McCartney hypothesis of dinosaur extinction http://www.astro.virginia.edu/class/oconnell/astr121/marsImages.html&usg

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