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The World of Music 7 th edition. Part 2 Listening to American Music: Folk, Religious, Pop, and Jazz Chapter 4: Religious Music Traditions. The Roots of American Protestant Music. Comes from both white and black populations Based in rural and small-town folk cultures
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The World of Music7th edition Part 2 Listening to American Music: Folk, Religious, Pop, and Jazz Chapter 4: Religious Music Traditions
The Roots of American Protestant Music • Comes from both white and black populations • Based in rural and small-town folk cultures • Made a deep impact on American culture We will omit Catholic and Jewish Music at this time • They are mentioned/discussed elsewhere
Psalm Singing and Psalters • Primarily a Protestant Tradition (vs. Catholic/Lutheran) • Used by Puritans and Pilgrims alike • Two types of singing • Urban • European • Formal • Notated • Rural • Memorized • Lining Out • Psalters are Hymnbooks • 1st American Psalter = “Bay Psalm Book” • 1st book to be printed in British N. America - 1640 • No Notation! Notation appeared in 1698
Lining Out • Begun in England and Scotland • Common in rural congregations • Still can be heard in rural areas of southeastern United States • An early form of “Call and Response” singing style • Could this be a early (really early) predecessor to Jazz…?
Singing Schools • Encourages people to sing together “decently” • Participants learned music, sang hymn tunes, made friends, and had a good time • Early 18th century
Shape-Note System • Introduced in The Easy Instructor in 1801 • Each pitch is notated on staff • With its own distinct shape (instead of a common shape that indicated length of the note) • Used in singing schools in the South • Best known titles are on page 60 in your text…
Emotional Vocal Physical Theatrical Musically Skillful Syncopated Ornate Cross-Over Artists Edwin Hawkins Singers Aretha Franklin Sam Cooke Little Richard Traditional Black Gospel Music
Black Gospel Music cont. • Early 20th century music, the words: Gospel music = “Black Gospel Music” • Rooted in Black Spiritual, Camp meetings songs and hymns, Revival hymns, and Songlike Sermons • Influenced: • early R+B • Soul • Pop • And grew into a “Modern Black Gospel” music with the inclusion of Jazz and Blues concepts • Thomas Dorsey aka “Georgia Tom” • Father of Modern Black Gospel Music
Referred to Hymns and Songs that used the four “Gospels” from the Bible for text/lyrics Contrasted to the Psalms of the Bible Mathew Mark Luke John More Urban than Rural Austere Classical Four-Part Old style Composers Thomas Hastings William Bradbury Lowell Mason Oral Tradition emerged More Rural and Urban Pentecostal typed churches Same music concepts, just a different delivery… Traditional White Gospel Music
Gospel Music Today • Often Racially Mixed • Television • Gospel TV (MTV concept) • All Styles – to be called the genre “CCM” • Country & Western • Rhythm & Blues • Heavy Metal • Rap/Hip-Hop • Rock • Easy Listening/Adult Contemporary • All proclaiming the Christian Message… • Popular amongst Youth Services/Groups nowadays • GMA (Gospel Music Association) • Provides the CCM equivalent to the Grammy Awards • Dove Awards