The GHS The Globally Harmonized System for Hazard Classification and Labelling of Chemicals

1. The GHSThe Globally Harmonized System for Hazard Classification and Labelling of Chemicals Basic Course

2. Outline 1. Concept of the GHS2. Hazard Classification 2.1 Physical Hazard Classification 2.2 Health and Environmental Hazard Classification 3. Labels and SDS 4. Situation of Chemical Management in Thailand

3. 3. Labels and SDS 3.1 Labels 3.2 SDS

4. What is harmonised? • Labels • Safety Data Sheets

5. Target Groups & Sectors • workplace including pesticides and pharmaceuticals • labels and safety data sheets • consumers • labels • transport • labels, placards, transport documents • emergency responders

6. Labels • The Essential Elements • Symbols, Pictograms and colour • Signal words • Hazard statements • Precautionary information • Product identifiers/declaration of ingredients • Precedence of hazard

7. Symbols in the GHS • Standard symbol set used in the UN RTDG model regulations • Fish and tree symbol for environmental hazard • Exclamation mark for “low level” health hazard • Human with crack in a body for chronic health hazard

8. UNTDG Pictogram

9. GHS Symbols Flame (Flammable/ Self-reactive/ etc.) Flame over circle (Oxidizing/ Organic peroxide) Exploding bomb (Explosives/ Self-reactive/ etc.) Corrosion Gas cylinder (Compressed gases) Skull & crossbones (Acute toxicity) Exclamation Mark (Acute: lower level) Human (Chronic: higher lev) Environment (Aquatic toxicity)

10. Pictogram Shape & Colour • Recommendation from ILO Group is that all pictograms should be in shape of a square set at a point (diamond) • For transport, pictograms will use the background and symbol colour specified in the UNRTDG Model regulations • For supply, pictograms will have a black symbol on a white background with a red frame

11. GHS Pictogram Flammable substance Self-reactive substance Pyrophoric and self- heating substance Explosives Self-reactive subst. Organic peroxide Oxidizing substance Organic peroxides Compressed gas Sensitization (Respiratory) Mutagenicity Carcinogenicity Reproductive toxicity Target organ toxicity Skin corr. Eye corr. Corrosive to metal Acute toxicity Acute toxicity Skin irrit. Eye irrit. Sensitization (Dermal) Environmental toxicity

12. Some points on GHS Pictograms • UNRTDG will cover the transport area as they have been. • Competent authority may choose to give suppliers and employers discretion to use a black border for domestic use. • Competent authority may allow the use of UNRTDG pictograms in other use settings

13. Signal Word • “Danger” or “Warning” • Used to emphasis hazard and to discriminate between hazard categories (level of hazard) • e.g. Acute toxicity category 1 will require “Danger”, category 4 will require“Warning”

14. Hazard Statements • A single harmonised hazard statement for each hazard category within each hazard class • e.g. Flammable liquid • - Category 1 • “Extremely flammable liquid and vapour ” • - Category 2 • “Highly flammable liquid and vapour” • - Category 3 • “Flammable liquid and vapour” • - Category 4 • “Combustible liquid”

15. Hazard Statements (cont.) e.g. Oral Acute Toxicity • category 1 “Fatal if swallowed “ • Category 2 “Fatal if swallowed ” • Category 3 “Toxic if swallowed” • Category 4 “Harmful if swallowed” • Category 5 “Maybe harmful if swallowed”

16. Precautionary Statements • GHS label should include appropriate precautionary information • The intent is to harmonise precautionary statements in the future

17. Examples of Precautionary Pictograms From European Union (COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 92/58/EEC of 24 June 1992)

18. Product Identifier • Name or number used for a hazardous product on a label or in the SDS. • Unique means by which the substance or mixture can be identified within the particular use setting • UN proper shipping name also to be used on the package when substance or mixture covered by the UN RTDG

19. Precedence of hazard > > Skin/Eye irritation Skin/Eye irritation > > DANGER WARNING

20. Declaration of Ingredients • Substances • chemical identity (name as determined by IUPAC, ISO, CAS or technical name) • Mixtures • chemical identities of all ingredients contributing to acute toxicity, skin or eye corrosion, germ cell mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, skin or respiratory sensitisation or TOST • Competent authority rules for CBI take priority

21. Confidential Business Information • Competent authorities should establish appropriate mechanisms for CBI protection. CBI will not be harmonized under the GHS. • The provisions for CBI protection should not compromise the health and safety of users. • CBI claims should be limited to the names of chemicals and their concentrations in mixtures. • Mechanisms should be established for disclosure in emergency and non-emergency situations.

22. Other (Non-GHS) Information • Supplemental information • Competent authority may choose to specify where information should appear on the label or allow supplier discretion • Must not impede identification of GHS information

23. Allocation of Label Elements Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category4 Category 5 Danger Fatal if swallowed Danger Fatal if swallowed Danger Toxic if swallowed Warning Harmful if Swallowed No Symbol Warning May be harmful if swallowed Example : Acute Toxicity (Oral)

24. Allocation of Label Elements (cont.) Category 1A Category 1B Category 1C Category 2 Category 3 Danger Causes severe skin burns and eye damage Danger Causes severe skin burns and eye damage Danger Causes severe skin burns and eye damage Warning Causes skin irritation No Symbol Warning Causes mild skin irritation Example : Skin Corrosion/Irritation

25. Building Block Approach (1) Example : Acute Toxicity (Oral)

26. Building Block Approach (2) Example : Explosives

27. Epichlohydrin 1-Chloro-2,3-epoxypropane CAS No. 106-89-8 UN No. 2023 Product identifier EPICHLOROHYDRIN Example of label component Pictogram ＤＡＮＧＥＲ Signal word Hazard statements: ・Toxic if swallowed ・Toxic in contact with skin ・Fatal if inhaled ・May cause an allergic skin reaction. ・May cause genetic defects. ・May cause cancer ・Cause severe skin burns and eye damage ・Cause serious eye irritation ・Toxic to aquatic life Hazard statements Precautionary statements: ・Keep out of reach of children. ・Keep container tightly closed. ・Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. ・Wear eye/face protection. ・Wear protective gloves/clothing. ・Wear respiratory protection, as specified by the manufacturer. ・Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. ・Use appropriate ventilation. ・Wash thoroughly after handling. Precautionary statements United Nations Co., Ltd. 1-1, Peace Ave., Geneva Switzerland Tel. 41 22 917 00 00 Fax. 41 22 917 00 00 Supplier identification

28. Safety Data Sheet • Primarily workplace use • 16 heading format agreed • Minimum additional information specified, where applicable or available, under the relevant headings

29. Criteria for SDS production For all substances and mixtures which meet the harmonized criteria for physical, health or environmental hazards under the GHS

30. Hazard class Cut-off value /Concentration limit Acute Toxicity ≥ 1.0 Skin Corrosion/Irritation ≥ 1.0 Serious damage to eyes/eye irritation ≥ 1.0 Respiratory/Skin sensitization ≥ 1.0 Mutagenicity: Category1 ≥ 0.1 Mutagenicity: Category2 ≥ 1.0 Carcinogenicity ≥ 0.1 Reproductive Toxicity ≥ 0.1 Target Organ Systemic Toxicity (Single Exp.) ≥ 1.0 Target Organ Systemic Toxicity (Repeat Exp.) ≥ 1.0 Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment ≥ 1.0 Cut off values/Concentration limits for health and environmental hazard class

31. SDS 16 Headings • Identification. • Hazard(s) identification. • Composition/information on ingredients. • First-aid measures. • Fire-fighting measures. • Accidental release measures. • Handling and storage. • Exposure controls/personal protection.

32. SDS 16 Headings (cont.) • Physical and chemical properties. • Stability and reactivity. • Toxicological information. • Ecological information. • Disposal considerations. • Transport information. • Regulatory information. • Other information.

33. Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (1)

34. Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (2)

35. Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (3)

36. Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (4)

37. Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (5)

38. Characteristics of the 11 chemicals (Physical Data)

39. Physical Data Boiling Point -The temperature at which a liquid turns to a vapour

40. Freezing Point - Temperature at which the liquid form of a chemical will turn into the solid form Melting Point - Temperature at which the solid form of a chemical will turn into the liquid form Vapour pressure - The higher the vapour pressure,the more rapidly the material will change from liquid form to o vapour when released to the environment.

41. Vapour pressure The amount of released harmful vapors in based on the chemical’s vapor pressure. The greater the vapor pressure, the greater the yield of hazardous vapors . Acetone will give off more vapors then gasoline. Sulfuric acid has a low vapor pressure and gives off little vapor.

42. Vapour density - Density of a gas compared to the density of air

43. Specific gravity - density of a chemical compared to the density of water. If the specific gravity is less than one, the chemical will float on water. If the specific gravity is greater than one, the chemical will sink.

45. Fire and Explosion Data.

46. Health Hazard Information

47. Water solubility of a chemical the quantity of a chemical that will mix with or dissolve in water. Helps to determine many of its toxic effects on living tissues / Chemicals that are very water soluble, lead to cellular injury.

48. Liquid - gas ratios. The volume of gas produced by the vaporization of a given volume of liquid . The volume of gas produced is always greater than the volume of liquid before vaporization.

49. Different chemicals have different expansion ratios. Liquified gases and cryogenics have the greatest The expansion ratio of a chemical helps to determine the extent of hazard that the chemical poses.

50. Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (6)