An Assessment of Substances in European Refinery Effluents Research Proposal to the Petroleum Environmental Resea

1. 1 An Assessment of Substances in European Refinery EffluentsResearch Proposal to thePetroleum Environmental Research Forum (PERF)ExxonMobil July 2007

2. 2 Regulatory Drivers European Water Framework Directive (WFD) Sets ambitious goals to achieve �good status� of surface and ground water for Member States by 2015 Ensure reduction and control of pollution from all source sectors Biological: Good ecological status of receiving waters Chemical: Controlled via specific list of substances Priority Hazardous Substances Targeted for emission �cessation� or phase-out Priority Substances Subject to emission controls to achieve numerical environmental quality objectives New substances to be periodically reviewed & added

3. 3 Substances Targeted by the WFD

4. 4 Regulatory Drivers (Cont�d) European Pollutant Release & Transfer Register (EPRTR) Annual emission reporting of specific substances to air, water and land from operators of listed facilities (all refineries) Mass-based reporting thresholds Required to report only if thresholds exceeded Aims to inform public regarding pollutant emissions Oslo-Paris Commission for the Protection of the Marine Environment Government consortium Pursue �hazardous� chemical approach Focus on persistence, bioaccumulation & toxicity (PBT) Extending efforts to whole effluent assessment/controls CONCAWE advocacy to promote practical analytical tools passive sampling methods to address narcotic toxicity

5. 5 Substances Targeted by the EPRTR*

6. 6 Implications & Challenges for EU Refineries Action required by facilities for effluent monitoring / emission reporting of specific EPRTR & WFD substances Education and notification of effluent quality requirements within refinery network Standardization of sampling practices, analytical test methods, and reporting parameters. Need for reproducible analytical methods with low detection limits Methods may be complicated Not readily available via commercial labs Potential for inconsistencies Varying detection limits; Different standards �Total� vs. �Dissolved� measurements A consistent set of effluent quality data across EU refineries is possible with industry and member state involvement and coordination. Develop an industry strategy for meeting regulatory requirements & guiding future science advocacy of effluent quality issues Would further support efforts to register and authorize the manufacture of major marketed petroleum and petrochemical products under REACH

7. 7 Expected Project Benefits Comprehensive database of PRTR substances and comparable (size, type, treatment, etc.) refinery effluent data (based on results of Phase 1 CONCAWE effort) Obtain ion balance data Provide SPME results on effluent data testing Laboratory - Institute for Inland Water and Management in Amsterdam � RIZA (http://www.rijkswaterstaat.nl/rws/riza/home/english/index.html) Data to assess if whole effluent could pose ecotoxicity concerns based on emerging passive sampling techniques Publish report for advocacy within refining industry and organizations Practical generic guidance for refineries What substances/methods are available for compliance? What substances/methods are likely to be targeted in the future? What are the available lab resources and costs? Opportunity for refineries to benefit from industry-sponsored program Use of reliable, consistent, state-of-the science analytical methods Leveraged monitoring program that supports compliance Individual sites limited to sample collection by staff Consistent data set for benchmarking and prioritization for effluent quality improvement

8. 8 Expected Project Benefits (Cont�d) Inform petroleum industry R&D and provide basis for advocacy Identification of substances of regulatory concern that are consistently not present in EU refinery effluents Provide rationale to preclude future routine monitoring Identification of substances of regulatory concern that are consistently detected and will be focus of future regulation / emission reductions Prioritize advocacy related to derivation of substance-specific environmental quality standards Improve understanding of the sources (natural background vs. anthropogenic) and form (total vs. dissolved) and how this information can be integrated into science-based regulations Prioritize research needs for effluent source control / treatment technologies Proactively demonstrate petroleum industry�s commitment to water quality improvement in Europe

9. 9 Proposed Plan (Phased Approach With CONCAWE) PHASE 1: CONCAWE led project (no PERF involvement) on sampling practices and analytical test methods for PRTR substances PHASE 2: PERF project on refinery effluent data assessment Detailed plan on well known substances with existing test methods Further activity on difficult substances Conduct survey of EU refinery effluents (CONCAWE may be able to provide anonymous refinery effluent samples) Target constituents of EU regulatory concern Apply consistent, sensitive, state-of-science analytical methods from PHASE 1 Metals (e.g. Ag, As, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Pb, Hg, Ni, V, Zn) Total vs. Dissolved Reference elements (Fe, Mn, Al) Organics (e.g. BTEX, PAHs, Phenols, Alkyl Phenols, Solvents) Conventional parameters (e.g. TSS, pH, Conductivity, TN, TP) Passive sampling with SPME Screening method for whole effluent toxicity Ensure site representation across refinery types / regions

10. 10 Proposed Schedule DRAFT proposal for comments, interests, needs of PERF and other parties (early August) Teleconference with interested parties to discuss proposal (late August) Scope Development (August/September) PERF Meeting update on proposal / status of project (October) Contract negotiation (4Q07) CONCAWE Phase 1 Results (1Q08) Refinery effluent collection (1Q08) Effluent parameter testing by lab RIZA using Phase 1 results (1Q08) Data analysis (2Q08) Report results, publish paper (3&4Q08)

11. 11 Input / Interests Received to Date CONCAWE � Task force meeting end of July to determine future of this effort within CONCAWE (Phase 1) Lab testing procedures & methodology Detection limits Pros and cons of existing practices/methodology Timing: Need deliverable for Phase 1 by end of year to influence legislation of laboratory test methods in Feb 2008 Phased approach for lab testing and refinery effluent assessment. Accelerated lab testing/methodology report published by Feb08 - CONCAWE Refinery effluent assessment report published by 3/4Q08 Common: Refinery effluent collection needed for lab testing

12. 12 Project Proposal Sponsor Contact Information Frank Kerze Plant Engineering Division / Environmental Engineering / Water & Wastewater 3225 Gallows Rd. 3A-0404 Fairfax, VA 22037-0001 Tel: (703) 846-2377 eFax: (262) 313-2790 Frank.J.Kerze@ExxonMobil.com

13. 13 Backup Backup information

14. 14 CONCAWE led PHASE 1 Project Ideas (info only � not defined to date) PHASE 1: Development of Analytical Methods Guidance Document Timing of a PERF Project will not meet timing to influence legislation on analytical test methods, sampling procedures, detection limits, etc.. Cover "quick-hit" constituents and provide new information for those constituents that are targeted that aren�t currently tested for and have little understanding about. RIZA (Institute for Inland Water and Management is a laboratory and institution associated with the University in Amsterdam) could provide guidance on these constituents for PHASE 1. What are the available/preferred methods for determining PRTR and priority hazardous/priority substances in refinery effluent samples? For which substances are reliable methods currently reliable? What is precision / detection limits of these methods? What are the advantages of total vs. dissolved measurements? What are the recommended sampling methods and storage times for the various compounds? What additional substances are likely to be added to the EPER or PS/PHS in the next few years? For which of substances are valid methods currently available? What emerging analytical methods are likely to be applied in the future to address whole effluent toxicity? What commercial labs are currently available to conduct these analyses? What are the approximate per sample analysis costs? Note: This outline does not cover how emissions are actually calculated from analytical data (i.e. how D.L. are handled)