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CPI measurement issues with a special focus on owner-occupied housing. Alexandra Heath Bank for International Settlements. Problems in measuring inflation National Bank of the Republic of Macedonia 22 May 2007. 1. Outline. Why has there been more interest in CPI measurement issues? . 2.
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CPI measurement issues with a special focus on owner-occupied housing Alexandra Heath Bank for International Settlements Problems in measuring inflation National Bank of the Republic of Macedonia 22 May 2007 1
Outline • Why has there been more interest in CPI measurement issues? 2
Outline • Why has there been more interest in CPI measurement issues? • Biases in CPI measurement: • Substituion bias • New product bias • Outlet bias • Quality bias 3
Outline • Why has there been more interest in CPI measurement issues? • Biases in CPI measurement • Individual price measurement • Owner-occupied housing • (Services) 4
Outline • Why has there been more interest in CPI measurement issues? • Biases in CPI measurement • Individual price measurement • CPI measurement for policy 5
Why is there more interest in CPI measurement? • Inflation is lower 6
Why is there more interest in CPI measurement? • Inflation is lower • There has been a trend towards inflation targeting 8
Why is there more interest in CPI measurement? • Inflation is lower • There has been a trend towards inflation targeting • The pace of structural change and product innovation has risen 9
Why is there more interest in CPI measurement? • Inflation is lower • There has been a trend towards inflation targeting • The pace of structural change and product innovation has risen • There are quantitative estimates • Boskin Report (1996) • Irving Fisher Committee workshop:CPI measures: central bank views and concerns 10
Biases in CPI measurement • Substitution bias 11
Biases in CPI measurement • Substitution bias • New product bias 12
Biases in CPI measurement • Substitution bias • New product bias • Outlet bias 13
Biases in CPI measurement • Substitution bias • New product bias • Outlet bias • Quality bias • Expert judegement • Implicit methods • Option cost approach • Hedonic pricing methods 14
Owner-occupied housing • Rental equivalence method 15
Owner-occupied housing • Rental equivalence method • User cost approach 16
Owner-occupied housing • Rental equivalence method • User cost approach • Payment approach 17
Owner-occupied housing • Rental equivalence method • User cost approach • Payment approach • Net acquisitions approach 18
CPI measurement for policy • Understanding the way the CPI is compiled is key 19
CPI measurement for policy • Understanding the way the CPI is compiled is key • Measures of underlying inflation can be helpful additions for analysis and communication 20
CPI measurement for policy • Understanding the way the CPI is compiled is key • Measures of underlying inflation can be helpful additions for analysis and communication • No such thing as an optimal measure of underlying inflation, but we understand what properties a measure of underlying inflation should have to be good 21