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Efficiency of voluntary opening hand and hook prosthetic devices: 24 years of development?

Efficiency of voluntary opening hand and hook prosthetic devices: 24 years of development?. Gerwin Smit, MSc; Raoul M. Bongers, MSc, PhD; Corry K. Van der Sluis, MD, PhD; Dick H. Plettenburg, MSc, PhD. Aim

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Efficiency of voluntary opening hand and hook prosthetic devices: 24 years of development?

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  1. Efficiency of voluntary opening hand and hook prosthetic devices: 24 years of development? Gerwin Smit, MSc; Raoul M. Bongers, MSc, PhD; Corry K. Van der Sluis, MD, PhD; Dick H. Plettenburg, MSc, PhD

  2. Aim • Objectively evaluate mechanical performance of adult-size voluntary opening (VO) prosthetic terminal devices and select best tested device. • Consider whether VO devices have improved in last 2 decades. • Relevance • Help patients select appropriate devices. • Help manufacturers improve their designs.

  3. Methods • Quantitatively tested 9 devices: • 4 hooks: • Hosmer model 5XA. • Hosmer Sierra 2 Load VO. • RSL Steeper Carbon Gripper. • Otto Bock model 10A60. • 5 hands: • Becker Imperial. • Hosmer Sierra VO. • Hosmer Soft VO. • RSL Steeper VO. • Otto Bock VO. • Measured: • Pinch forces. • Activation forces. • Cable displacements. • Mass. • Opening span. • Calculated work and hysteresis. • Compared results with 1987 data.

  4. Test set up. Cable activation force and displacement are measured. Fact = force activation cable, LVDT = linear variable differential transformer, mVact = voltage force sensor (unamplified), USB = universal serial bus, Vact = voltage force sensor (amplified), VLVDT = voltage displacement sensor, Xact = displacement activation cable.

  5. Results • Hooks vs hands: • Hooks required lower activation forces and delivered higher pinch forces than hands. • Activation forces: • Very high for several devices. • Pinch forces: • Too low for all tested hands. • Best hook: • Hosmer model 5XA hook with three bands. • Best hand: • Hosmer Sierra VO hand.

  6. Conclusions • We found no improvements in VO devices compared with data from 1987.

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