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GIS Technical Overview in Disaster Response

GIS Technical Overview in Disaster Response. USGS Geospatial Coordination Meeting November 6, 2008 FEMA region X FRC – Bothell, WA USA. Introduction. FEMA GIS History Current Operations. History of Geospatial Technology use at FEMA:. Originated in 1993 with Hurricane Andrew

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GIS Technical Overview in Disaster Response

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  1. GIS Technical Overview in Disaster Response USGS Geospatial Coordination Meeting November 6, 2008 FEMA region X FRC – Bothell, WA USA

  2. Introduction • FEMA GIS History • Current Operations

  3. History of Geospatial Technology use at FEMA: • Originated in 1993 with Hurricane Andrew • Field operations that GIS and RS use has taken a lead role in: • Northridge Earthquake (1994) • Hurricane Floyd (1999) • Nisqually Earthquake (2001) • September 11, 2001 • Salt Lake City Olympics (2002) • Shuttle Columbia Recovery (2003) • Hurricane Isabel (2003) • Democratic National Convention (2004) • G-8 Summit (2004) • Republican National Convention (2004) • Florida Hurricanes (2004) • 2005 Hurricanes (Katrina, Rita, Wilma) • 2008 Hurricane Ike • GIS is deployed in most medium to large scale disasters

  4. An aggressive and resourceful group • Scattered across the US • Inter-disciplinary professional backgrounds • Reservist, Regional, and HQ Staff from State and other Federal Agencies Who we are…

  5. Geospatial Unit Staffing and Support • Federal Emergency Management Agency • Army Corps of Engineers • National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) • Department of Interior • National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) • US CENSUS Bureau • US Coast Guard • NASA • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) • Department of Defense • Department of Health and Human Services • Department of Energy (DOE) • Red Cross • Department of Transportation (DOT) • Urban Search and Rescue (US&R) • State Department of Emergency Management • Others

  6. FEMA Geospatial Activities in… • Response • Respond to incidents, Special Security Events, or Presidential Disaster Declarations; Support ALL Emergency Support Functions in the National Response Framework; Support decision-makers at all levels of the operation; Build a Common Operating Picture; Provide Situational Awareness to Executives, Homeland Security Critical Infrastructure Protection (HSIP). • Recovery • Develop decision-making tools for the rebuilding of communities and to support recovery operations; Support Individual Assistance and Infrastructure repair activities, support Environmental and Historic Special Consideration reviews. • Mitigation • Work with the Geospatial community, Local and State governments to lessen the impact of Disasters; Research and Publication of recommendations, guidelines and standards; Map Modernization and National Flood Insurance (NFIP). • Preparedness • Build regional Contacts and Data; Develop program support; Coordinate within the geospatial community; Create Regional “Go-Kits”; and Application Development, Develop Geospatial Preparedness capabilities at State and Local level.

  7. Response Operations: Day - 2 Day - 4 Day - 8 Day - 6 Day - 1 Day - 3 Day - 5 Day - 7 EVENT MAC Intermittent Support Intermittent Support Intermittent Support Response OPS RRCC RRCC Transition ERT JFO Opens - Field Operations • Expect 4-6 Weeks of Response Operations for Major Events!

  8. Planning Section • Supports the overall disaster operations and executives • Gathers, corroborates and disseminates information to support planning and decision making and situation awareness • Determines Operational Period, coordinates Action Planning process • Includes the Geospatial Intelligence Unit

  9. Geospatial Intelligence Unit

  10. Mission Statement • The mission of the Geospatial Intelligence Unit is to support situation awareness and operational decision making through the development and delivery of: Specialized Products and Services, Maps, Databases, Analysis, Subject-Matter-Expertise, and Customized Applications…

  11. How is the Geospatial Intelligence Unit organized at the JFO? Geospatial Intelligence Unit Leader • Leads the Unit for ESF-5 Planning • Coordinates Operations for GIS • Administers Branch Resources • Maintains High QA/QC for Mission Critical Projects GIS Coordinator • JFO Project Management • GIS Special Projects • External Coordination and Data Collection • Other Federal Agency - ERT Coordination • Database Management

  12. How is the Geospatial Intelligence Unit organized at the JFO? Remote Sensing Coordinator • Coordinates Imagery Acquisition • Commercial Sources • Government Sources • NTM Sources GIS Specialists/Technical Specialists • Mapping, Database, other project support • Day-to-Day Operations • Point-of-Contacts for Programs • Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) • Local GIS Community Experts

  13. Key Unit Products • Operational Mapping Products • Modeling Data and Information • Remote Sensing - Imagery Derived Products (IDP) • Interpreted Information • Expert Analysis

  14. and Situation Awareness Operational Mapping • Common Map Production • Damage Assessment • Population Impacts • Infrastructure Impacts • Natural Hazards

  15. Recovery – Public Assistance and Individual Assistance Damage Assessment Washington Winter Storms (2006)

  16. Hurricane Katrina (2005)

  17. Lufkin, TX (2003) Shuttle Columbia Recovery Effort

  18. Tracking Hurricane Rita Population Displacement… …and Damage.

  19. Washington Nisqually Earthquake (2001)

  20. WTC- 911/Recovery - Debris

  21. Computer Modeling Toolsand Remote Sensing • Includes HAZUS, ALOHA, SLOSH, HURREVAC, NARAC, ENVAS and custom tools • Customized tools take into account factors such as: • Toxic Release Inventory Sites • Critical Infrastructure • Threatened & Endangered Species • Elevation • Hazmat Incident Extents ** • Population Density • Land Use ** • Existing Roads (Infrastructure) • Repetitive Loss Sites ** • Repetitive Loss Frequency ** • Structural Damage Levels ** • Flood Zones • Wetlands • Rivers ** - Where this data is available

  22. HAZUS Modeling Provides Quick Preliminary Estimation of Impacts and Loss

  23. Months Required Time, User Effort and Sophistication Level 3 Input data hazard specific Combinations Level 2 of local and default hazard, building, and damage data Default hazard, inventory, Level 1 and damage information Hours HAZUS-MH Requirements

  24. NOAA Coastal Services Center – Provides Meteorological Expertise and Response Support… Hurricane Rita (2005)

  25. Available Spectral Satellite Systems 2008 IKONOS SPOT 2,4 RESOURCESAT-1 (LISS - IV) QUICKBIRD ORBVIEW 3 SPOT 5 Haynus Production Imagery Type: E/O, Pan, MSI Nationality: France Spatial Res: 2.5 m & 5m Pan 10m 4 x Band MSI 20m SWIR Band Swath Width: 60-120km Revisit Time: 2-3 Days Cost /km2: $ 0.90 - $1.78 Tasking fee: $950.00 Imagery Type: E/O Pan MSI Nationality: France Spatial Res: 10M Pan 20m 4 x Band MSI (Vis) 10m 1 x Band Pan Swath Width: 60-120km Revisit Time: 2-3 Days Cost /km2: $0.50 Tasking fee: $950.00 Imagery Type:E/O Pan MSI Nationality: India Spatial Res: 5.8m Pan 23m 3 x Band MSI Swath Width: 70km Pan 23.9km MSI Revisit Time: 24 Days Cost/km2: $0.10 Imagery Type: E/O, Pan, MSI Nationality: USA Spatial Res: 0.61m Pan 2.4m - 4 x Band MSI Swath Width: 16km Revisit Time: 3-4 Days Cost /km2: $ 9.00 Archived cost/km2: $2.25 Imagery Type: E/O, Pan, MSI Nationality: USA Spatial Res:1 m Pan 4m - 4 x Band MSI Swath Width: 11km Revisit Time: 3-4 Days Cost /km2: $12.00 Archived cost/km2: $7.00 Imagery Type: E/O Pan, MSI Nationality: USA Spatial Res: 1 m Pan 4m – 4 x Band MSI Swath Width: 8 km Revisit Time: 3-4 Days Cost /km2: $10.00 Archived cost/km2: $7.00 EROS A1 EO1- ALI Terra EOS AM-1 (ASTER) LANDSAT 7 EO1- HYPERION RADARSAT 1 Imagery Type: E/O, HSI Nationality: USA NASA Spatial Res: 30m 220 x Band HSI (V/SWIR) Swath Width:7km Revisit Time: 5 Days Cost /km2 : $0.18 Tasking fee: $750.00 Imagery Type: E/O, MSI Nationality: USA NASA Spatial Res:10m PAN 30m 9 x Band MSI Swath Width: 37 km Revisit Time: 5 days Cost /km2: $0.07 Tasking fee: $750.00 Imagery Type: E/O, Pan,MSI Nationality: USA NASA Spatial Res: 15m Pan 30m 6 x Band MSI 60m 1 x Band LWIR Swath Width: 185 km Revisit Time: 14 Days Cost /km2: $0.02 Imagery Type: E/O Pan Nationality: Israel Spatial Res: 1.8m Pan Swath Width: 12.5km Revisit Time: 2-3 Days Cost /km2: $10.00 Imagery Type: E/O, MSI Nationality: USA NASA Japan NASDA Spatial Res: 15m 3 x Band MSI (VNIR) 30m 6 x Band MSI(V/MWIR) 90m 5 x Band MSI(M/LWIR) Swath Width: 60km Revisit Time: 16 Days Cost /km2 : $0.02 Imagery Type: Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Nationality: Canada Spatial Res: 8m -100m Swath Width: 50m - 500km Revisit Time: 2 – 5 Days Cost /km2: $0.11 - $1.02 Tasking fee: $100 - $500 E/O - Electro-Optical Pan - Panchromatic MSI - MultiSpectral Imagery HSI - HyperSpectral Imagery VIS - Visible Light NIR - Near Infrared SWIR - Shortwave Infrared MWIR - Midwave Infrared LWIR - Longwave Infrared

  26. Questions… David Whitlock GIS Coordinator Disaster Assistance Employee

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