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Kategorialgrammatik und Kategoriale Unifikationsgrammatik

Kategorialgrammatik und Kategoriale Unifikationsgrammatik. Die Wurzeln. Kategorialgrammatik: Ajdukiewicz 1934 Cresswell, Montague, Lambek, Bach, ... Neuere Ansätze: Steedman, Moortgat, Hepple, Morrill, ... Kategoriale Unifikationsgrammatik:

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Kategorialgrammatik und Kategoriale Unifikationsgrammatik

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  1. Kategorialgrammatikund Kategoriale Unifikationsgrammatik

  2. Die Wurzeln • Kategorialgrammatik: • Ajdukiewicz 1934 • Cresswell, Montague, Lambek, Bach, ... • Neuere Ansätze: • Steedman, Moortgat, Hepple, Morrill, ... • Kategoriale Unifikationsgrammatik: • Uszkoreit; Zeevat, Klein & Calder; Karttunen; Bouma, ...

  3. Kategorien • Mindestens zwei Basiskategorien: N und S • Mindestens ein Funktor-Markierer: / meist auch \ • Potentiell unendlich viele abgeleitete Kategorien: • wenn a und b Kategorien sind, dann ist auch a/b eine Kategorie • z.B. S/N • nicht alle abgeleiteten Kategorien sind linguistische Kategorien • z.B. (S/S)/(N/N)

  4. Beispiel 1 (1) • NP - N Peter, Mary • VP - S\N sleeps • TVP - (S\N)/N sees • N (S\N)/N N • Peter sees Mary

  5. Beispiel 1 (2) • NP - N Peter, Mary • VP - S\N sleeps • TVP - (S\N)/N sees • (S\N) • N (S\N)/N N • Peter sees Mary

  6. Beispiel 1 (3) • NP - N Peter, Mary • VP - S\N sleeps • TVP - (S\N)/N sees • S • S\N • N (S\N)/N N • Peter sees Mary

  7. Beispiel 2 (1) • NP - N Peter, Mary, horses • VP - S\N sleeps, sees horses, showed Peter horses • TVP - (S\N)/N sees, showed Peter • DVP - ((S\N)/N)/N showed • AdvP - (S\N)\(S\N) often • DegrMod - (S\N)\(S\N)/(S\N)\(S\N) very • N (S\N)/N N (S\N)\(S\N)/(S\N)\(S\N) (S\N)\(S\N) • Peter sees horses very often

  8. Beispiel 2 (2) • NP - N Peter, Mary, horses • VP - S\N sleeps, sees horses, showed Peter horses • TVP - (S\N)/N sees, showed Peter • DVP - ((S\N)/N)/N showed • AdvP - (S\N)\(S\N) often • DegrMod - (S\N)\(S\N)/(S\N)\(S\N) very • N (S\N)/NN(S\N)\(S\N)/(S\N)\(S\N) (S\N)\(S\N) • Peter sees horses very often

  9. Beispiel 2 (3) • NP - N Peter, Mary, horses • VP - S\N sleeps, sees horses, showed Peter horses • TVP - (S\N)/N sees, showed Peter • DVP - ((S\N)/N)/N showed • AdvP - (S\N)\(S\N) often • DegrMod - (S\N)\(S\N)/(S\N)\(S\N) very • S\N • N (S\N)/NN(S\N)\(S\N)/(S\N)\(S\N) (S\N)\(S\N) • Peter sees horses very often

  10. Beispiel 2 (4) • NP - N Peter, Mary, horses • VP - S\N sleeps, sees horses, showed Peter horses • TVP - (S\N)/N sees, showed Peter • DVP - ((S\N)/N)/N showed • AdvP - (S\N)\(S\N) often • DegrMod - (S\N)\(S\N)/(S\N)\(S\N) very • S\N (S\N)\(S\N) • N (S\N)/N N(S\N)\(S\N)/(S\N)\(S\N)(S\N)\(S\N) • Peter sees horses very often

  11. Beispiel 2 (5) • NP - N Peter, Mary, horses • VP - S\N sleeps, sees horses, showed Peter horses • TVP - (S\N)/N sees, showed Peter • DVP - ((S\N)/N)/N showed • AdvP - (S\N)\(S\N) often • DegrMod - (S\N)\(S\N)/(S\N)\(S\N) very • S\N • S\N (S\N)\(S\N) • N (S\N)/N N(S\N)\(S\N)/(S\N)\(S\N) (S\N)\(S\N) • Peter sees horses very often

  12. Beispiel 2 (6) • NP - N Peter, Mary, horses • VP - S\N sleeps, sees horses, showed Peter horses • TVP - (S\N)/N sees, showed Peter • DVP - ((S\N)/N)/N showed • AdvP - (S\N)\(S\N) often • DegrMod - (S\N)\(S\N)/(S\N)\(S\N) very • S • S\N • S\N (S\N)\(S\N) • N(S\N)/N N(S\N)\(S\N)/(S\N)\(S\N) (S\N)\(S\N) • Peter sees horses very often

  13. Beispiel 2 (7) • NP - N Peter, Mary, horses • VP - S\N sleeps, sees horses, showed Peter horses • TVP - (S\N)/N sees, showed Peter • DVP - ((S\N)/N)/N showed • AdvP - (S\N)\(S\N) often • DegrMod - (S\N)\(S\N)/(S\N)\(S\N) very • S • S\N • S\N (S\N)\(S\N) • N (S\N)/N N(S\N)\(S\N)/(S\N)\(S\N) (S\N)\(S\N) • Peter sees horses very often

  14. Komplexe Kategorien als Merkmalsstrukturen B /A arg val dir

  15. Funktionale Applikation B B/A A value functor argument value argument functor arg val dir right

  16. Funktionale Komposition: Beispiele • Peter slowly rode home. • Slowly Peter rode home. • Peter scheint zu kommen.

  17. Funktionale Komposition A/C A/B B/C value functor argument value argument functor arg val dir arg arg dir dir

  18. Koordination: Beispiele • Peter and Mary see a horse. • Peter likes and rides horses. • ? Peter shows Mary and buys Paul horses. • Peter sells mules and rents horses to tourists. • *Peter and or or Mary will come.

  19. Beispiel: Konjunktion „and“

  20. Gründe für mehr Syntax in den Kategorien • Peter arrived late. Peter arrived angrily. • Peter arrived in time. Peter arrived in a bad mood. • Peter arrived late and in a bad mood. • Peter arrived in time but angrily. • Peter arrived very late. Peter arrived very angrily. • *Peter arrived very in time. *Peter arrived very in a bad mood.

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