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Janell Eastman, M.Ed, RN

DIABETES. Janell Eastman, M.Ed, RN. Granite School District Nurse. What Is Diabetes?. A disorder of the pancreas - The pancreas stops making insulin, an essential hormone in the body. Insulin is the key that allows glucose to enter the cells.

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Janell Eastman, M.Ed, RN

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  1. DIABETES Janell Eastman, M.Ed, RN Granite School District Nurse

  2. What Is Diabetes? • A disorder of the pancreas -The pancreas stops making insulin, an essential hormone in the body. • Insulin is the key that allows glucose to enter the cells. • Glucose is used by every cell in the body for energy

  3. INSULIN • Without insulin, glucose cannot enter the cell. Glucose stays in the bloodstream, creating high levels of blood sugar.

  4. Diabetes is: • NOT contagious • NOT caused by eating too much sugar • Is caused by the body’s inability to make insulin • Results in high blood sugar levels • Can be treated only with a combination of insulin, diet and exercise

  5. Hypoglycemia LOW (Low Blood Sugar) • Most likely to occur: • When meals or snacks are missed or delayed • When strenuous activity occurs just before lunch • During a lengthy field trip or field day activity.

  6. SYMPTOMS OF LOW BLOOD SUGAR LOW • Weakness or tiredness • Shaking • Headache • Anxious, Pale

  7. Student’s with Hypoglycemia will: LOW • Have a blood sugar level below 80mg • Need treatment depending on type of reaction. Three levels of reactions: • Conscious and able to swallow • Conscious but uncooperative or disoriented • Unconscious or having a seizure

  8. Treatment of Hypoglycemia LOW • Conscious and able to swallow: • Glucose tablets--start with 2 • Juice • Regular soda pop (not diet) • Milk • Symptoms should improve within 15-20 minutes. If not, repeat. • If longer than 1 hour until next meal or snack, give small snack containing protein (cheese crackers or milk)

  9. Treatment of Hypoglycemia LOW • Conscious, but uncooperative, or disoriented • Give glucose gel, tube of clear frosting or packet of honey • Lay student on side and squeeze into pocket of the cheek

  10. Treatment of Hypoglycemia LOW • Unconscious or having a seizure • Call 911 immediately • Give nothing by mouth • Notify parents

  11. Hyperglycemia HIGH (High Blood Sugar Is NOT A Medical Emergency) • May occur if student: • Is becoming ill • Eats too much • Misses insulin dose • Is under a lot of stress

  12. Extreme thirst Frequent urination Dry skin Hunger Drowsiness Nausea Blurred vision Symptoms of Hyperglycemia HIGH

  13. Treatment of Hyperglycemia HIGH • Test blood sugar • Check Health Care Plan. • Notify parents if over 250mg/dL • Exercise • Drink water • Insulin

  14. HEALTH CARE PLAN • Be familiar with specific emergency plan for each diabetic student • Contact school nurse with questions • Know where student’s supplies and snacks are stored • Have easy access to emergency contact phone numbers • Notify substitute teacher of location of health care plan

  15. Hints for Success • Develop good relationship with parents/guardians; they know your student’s health concerns well. • Follow accommodations as listed in the health care plan. • Notify family early of field trip plans. • Notify family of special events that may involve classroom treats or changes in the school lunch schedule. • Don’t hesitate to ask questions about care.

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