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The Karplus Lecture: History and the Next Revolution

The Karplus Lecture: History and the Next Revolution. Robert Tinker The Concord Consortium http://concord.org. About Bob Karplus. Born Vienna 1927 Harvard PhD in physics, 1945 Physics research at Berkeley to 1960 Education at Lawrence Hall until 1983 NSTA Distinguished Service citation:

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The Karplus Lecture: History and the Next Revolution

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  1. The Karplus Lecture:History and the Next Revolution Robert Tinker The Concord Consortium http://concord.org NSTA Karplus Lecture

  2. About Bob Karplus • Born Vienna 1927 • Harvard PhD in physics, 1945 • Physics research at Berkeley to 1960 • Education at Lawrence Hall until 1983 • NSTA Distinguished Service citation: • "a spirited teacher and dedicated science educator." NSTA Karplus Lecture

  3. Contributions to Education • Three seminal, interrelated contributions to science education • Cognitive psychology focus: neo-Paigetian • “Learning Cycle” • SCIS NSTA Karplus Lecture

  4. Piaget I’m convinced that one could develop a marvelous method of participatory education giving a child the apparatus to do experiments and thus discover a lot of things by himself. –Piaget (in Bringuier, 1980) NSTA Karplus Lecture

  5. Learning Cycles • Karplus’ three steps • Exploration • Concept Introduction • Application and Discovery • Bybee’s Five E’s: Explore, Experiment, Explain, Extend, and Evaluate. NSTA Karplus Lecture

  6. SCIS • K-6 hands-on program. 13 units. • Principles: • Increase scientific knowledge • Develop science attitudes • Build and define inquiry skills • My kids took SCIS II in the 1980’s • SCIS 3+ currently sold by Delta Scientific NSTA Karplus Lecture

  7. SCIS in Context • SCIS was one of three projects that revolutionized elementary science teaching. (Can you name the others?) • ESS (EDC) and S-APA (AAAS) • Contributions: • Hands on • Focus on phenomena • Emphasis on student learning NSTA Karplus Lecture

  8. The Science Curriculum System Standards History Teachers SCISS-APAESS Skills & ExperiencePreparationTPD Curriculum What’s Possible What can be experiencedWhat can be measuredWhat’s affordable Texts NSTA Karplus Lecture

  9. Technology Creates New Possibilities • Measurement • Observation • Guided exploration • Materials • Collaboration • Teacher professional development NSTA Karplus Lecture

  10. Technology Enables • New technology supports greater emphasis on: • Measurement • Change over time • Core concepts • Reasoning from core concepts • Emergent behavior NSTA Karplus Lecture

  11. Exemplars • Probeware on handhelds • Models and simulations NSTA Karplus Lecture

  12. A Scaffolded Model NSTA Karplus Lecture

  13. Exemplar Research • Students can read and interpret time graphs in grade 2-4. • Probe experiments allow students to relate position-velocity-acceleration graphs in high school. • Middle school students can transfer atomic-scale thermodynamics explanations. • More research is needed. NSTA Karplus Lecture

  14. Exemplar Implications • Students can experience more core concepts • Formal mathematics is no longer a barrier to science understanding • Atomic view supports “Physics First” • Deeper, “core” content can be treated earlier at all levels NSTA Karplus Lecture

  15. Core Science Concepts • We need greater emphasis on fewer core concepts • The standards included hundreds of topics with little guidance about relative importance • Core concepts simplify science learning • Core concepts are important NSTA Karplus Lecture

  16. My Core Science Concepts • The three evolutions • Biological • Earth • Cosmic • Atomic scale interactions • Dynamics and thermodynamics • Reactions and interactions • Properties of materials • Organisms • Reproduction and genetics • Biochemistry of systems • Intelligent behavior • Computers and robots • Learning NSTA Karplus Lecture

  17. About the Core Concepts • Interrelated. A spiral approach is needed. (Karplus advocated this) • All involve emergent properties • All are too complex for formal derivations • All are amenable to measurement or simulation NSTA Karplus Lecture

  18. The Vision • A K-14 spiral sequence focused on core concepts at each level. • Using technology for improved • Student experiences and reflection • Exploration of emergent phenomena • Focus on core concepts • Teacher professional development • Resulting in learning that is deeper, earlier, less formal, less dependent on memorization, and more lasting. NSTA Karplus Lecture

  19. What About Standards? History Teachers SCISS-APAESS Skills & ExperiencePreparationTPD Curriculum Standards What can be experiencedWhat can be measuredWhat’s affordable Texts NSTA Karplus Lecture

  20. Standards Must Change • Both science standards were developed in the context of what was feasible at that time • Both science standards envisioned revisions and reformulations • Neither standard makes significant use of technology NSTA Karplus Lecture

  21. What About Texts? History Teachers SCISS-APAESS Skills & ExperiencePreparationTPD Curriculum Standards What can be experiencedWhat can be measuredWhat’s affordable Texts NSTA Karplus Lecture

  22. Texts Reflect Demand • Texts have incorporated SCIS-SAPA-ESS • For instance “Batteries and bulbs” is universal • Increased emphasis on student exploration • Slow change is more a reflection of consumer demand than textbook resistance to change NSTA Karplus Lecture

  23. What About Teachers? History Teachers SCISS-APAESS Skills & ExperiencePreparationTPD Curriculum Standards What can be experiencedWhat can be measuredWhat’s affordable Texts NSTA Karplus Lecture

  24. Teaching Can Change • Teachers are already using probes and simulations (NAEP results) • Teachers learn by teaching • Technology offers new resources • Just-in-time, course-specific support • Open source software • Online communities NSTA Karplus Lecture

  25. Emerging Technologies “You ain’t seen nothin’ yet” • The camera (CCD devices) • Bio-probes and nano-probes • Ubiquitous wireless, portable computers • Computational models of core science content • Open source software NSTA Karplus Lecture

  26. A New Revolution • Technology allows us to push Karplus’ agenda to a new level • Karplus would be in the vanguard of this revolution. His goals: • Increase scientific knowledge • Develop science attitudes • Build and define inquiry skills NSTA Karplus Lecture

  27. Join the Revolution!! http://concord.org NSTA Karplus Lecture

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  32. Phase Change + NSTA Karplus Lecture

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