Family and Parental Leave

1. Family and Parental Leave Yovanna Pineda History Department December 17, 2014

2. Family Leave in the U.S. • As of 2011, 178 countries guarantee paid maternity leave under national law. • Only three countries offer absolutely no legal guarantee of paid maternity leave: Papua New Guinea, Swaziland, and the United States. • Emotional and physical costs to the family • In a 2010 survey of registered voters, 76 % endorsed laws providing leave for family care and childbirth, 69 % endorsed paid sick day laws, and 82 % stronger laws against discrimination and unfair treatment at work.

3. Family Leave in the U.S. • As of 2011, 178 countries guarantee paid maternity leave under national law. • Only three countries offer absolutely no legal guarantee of paid maternity leave: Papua New Guinea, Swaziland, and the United States. • Emotional and physical costs to the family. • In a 2010 survey of registered U.S. voters, 76 % endorsed laws providing leave for family care and childbirth, 69 % endorsed paid sick day laws, and 82 % stronger laws against discrimination and unfair treatment at work.

4. Family Leave • For most women, unpaid leave is not an option. As of 2009, 39 percent of mothers were primary breadwinners, 63 percent co-breadwinners who contributed at least a quarter of family earnings.

5. Women Leaving the Workforce • NYTimes: “Why U.S. Women are Leaving Jobs Behind” (12/12/14).

7. What respondents would like to see as family-friendly policies at UCF Note: The answers depended on (1) how well informed the person was and how much they had read about the topic; (2) if they had arrived from another school; (3) if they are active on the job market and seeing what other schools offer as a recruitment package; (4) worked for the Union; (5) personal situation and experience.

9. *SGA at UCF has passed a series of progressive pro-family policies: (1) paid six-week parental leave for graduate students; (2) subsidized childcare grant; (3) $1,000 scholarship for single parents. **The Center for Success of Faculty Women has played a significant role in helping women ask for leave.

10. Gender Inequities at UCF

11. Representative Female and Male Faculty by Rank Colleges of Science, College of Engineering and Computer Sciences, and College of Arts and Humanities (Percent)

12. Gender Inequities • Authors Mary Ann Mason, Nicholas H. Wolfinger and Marc Goulden, Do Babies Matter? Gender and Family in the Ivory Tower (2013) found that women chose instructorships or adjunct work to take “time-outs” from work when family-friendly leave policies were not established at an institution. Source: Do Babies Matter?

13. Age Group Categories: College of Sciences College of Engineering and Computer Science College of Arts and Humanities No.=770 Current distribution of age groups, fall 2014

14. Why have a Family Leave Policy?: Retention and Productivity Growth • Improve life of families at UCF. • Family Benefits Funding package: State schools consider it part of faculty retention and productivity program. • “Nationally, one study found that 94 percent of leave takers who received full pay during family leave returned to the same employer, compared to 76 percent of employees who took unpaid leave.” • “In a study on productivity growth in 19 OECD countries from 1979-2003 found that PPL had a significantly greater positive effect on productivity than unpaid leave. Instituting 15 weeks of paid maternity leave would increase multifactor productivity by 1.1%. “

15. Any Questions?