Þjónusta við Bátafólk í Islenskum Höfnum Tækifæri og Áhrif á Samfélag

1. ÞjónustaviðBátafólkíIslenskumHöfnumTækifæriogÁhrifáSamfélagÞjónustaviðBátafólkíIslenskumHöfnumTækifæriogÁhrifáSamfélag Source: Eibenberger Photography, n.d. Maik Brötzmann, verkefnastjóri, Maik@atvest.is Umhverfisþing, Reykjavík, Ísland, November 8, 2013

2. Source: http://sailbook.pl, n.d. Thesis “Arctic and Subarctic Gateways for Private Nautical Tourism: A Feasibility Study for Marina Development in Ísafjörður.” HSVEST, 2013 Maik@atvest.is

3. Goal & Objectives Goal: Strengthen local demographics. Objectives: Maximize usage of locally present features. Diversify local economy sectors and their opportunities. Explore a single niché source that carries maximal output. Maik@atvest.is

4. II Fundamentals - Yachting II Fundamentals Yachting Three main categories: • Status symbol • Sport • Recreation Three main categories: • Status symbol • Sport • Recreation Source: K&M Yachtbuilders Maik@atvest.is

5. Why Yachts? • Total revenue of the UK leisure, superyacht & small commercial marine industry is £2.855 billion in 2011 alone (British Marine Federation, 2012). • High latitude yacht cruising is considered a serious leisure (Stebbins, 1992; Csikszentmihalyi, 1988), influenced by finances, family life cycle, and participants perceptions of skill, novelty, adventure, and challenge. As lifestyle pursuit it incorporates sport, leisure, recreation, tourism, and “work” (Jennings, 2007). • … Tourists mostly sleep aboard, use local facilities and infrastructure, and pursue desired holiday activities, thus spend locally (Natchez, 2006; Robinson, 2009). • ... Long-distance yacht cruiser act, for their duration of stay, similar to residents in spending and cultural- and social involvement. • … Highest, multi sectoral local involvement of all tourism types in Iceland (Brötzmann, 2013) Maik@atvest.is

6. Benefits • Financial • Economic diversity (incl. additional opportunities) • Town image/appeal • Sea hazard protection • Marketing & advertising • Off-season business • Location branding & importance Maik@atvest.is

7. Ísafjörður Today • Yachting user types: • Day-sailor (local) • Charter service (local & international) • Coastal sailor (national) • Long-distance cruiser (international) • Observed tourist classes: • Expedition professional, • Exploration professional, • Yachting professional, • Recreational nautical tourist, • Journalist Maik@atvest.is

8. Ísafjörður Today • 14 nationalities (2012: 13) • 4 over-winter stays (2012: 2) • Three yachts changed ownership; six where on offer • Overall spending of 16 vessels: • ~ 5Mio ISK Maik@atvest.is

9. Today – Private Marine Traffic Maik@atvest.is

10. SWOT matrix for marina development in Ísafjörður, Iceland Maik@atvest.is

11. Developing Towards Yachting • Turning Ísafjörður into a destination by creating a Yachting Industry Cluster: Experience Maik@atvest.is

12. Tomorrow – Yachting Industry Cluster Legislation Information Handling & Services Branding & Location Marketing Heritage & Visual Appeal Broker Local Tourist Educational Centre of Excellence Tourism Protection Maik@atvest.is

13. Takkfyrir! Maik@atvest.is

15. Sociological model of tourism (BLT-Model). After Miller & Auyong (1991) Physiological, ethnological, sociological model of the tourism system. After Marc Miller, Personal Communication Fundamentals Maik@atvest.is

16. Fundamentals A marina … is a safe, manmade harbor for recreational purpose only. It renders the main services to private nautical tourists and their vessel. Small commercial fishing dinghies, water taxi or ferries, and rescue boats might be included, ... is often accompanied by e.g. seashore restaurants, traffic reduced walk and shopping areas, housing, entertainment and other additional tourism facilities, and supply, repair and maintenance services. Classification by level of equipment Luković & Gržetić, 2007: Standard, Luxury, Recreational (sport/entertainment) Maik@atvest.is

17. Thesis Findings – the Tourist Adventure – seeking Authenticity – driven Environmentally – motivated Long distance cruiser in lifestyle pursuit Source: Hanse Yachts, 2012 Maik@atvest.is

18. Thesis – Feasibility Statement Conditional feasibility: appeal, service, integration. Ísafjörður is a developing new market in the nautical tourism market (Luković, 2012) with a variety of advantages to competing locations. PNT increases overall attractiveness of the town and underlines the locally found maritime heritage without increasing stress on local road or accommodation capacities. Welcoming nautical tourists and local recreational vessel users with appropriate facilities offers a large spectrum of additional opportunities for the town, including marketing and diversifying local economy sectors. Current recreational vessel user numbers (local/visitor) and length of season are to low to carry a private business purely dealing with PNT, nevertheless it already supports the town image and local direct and indirect related businesses. Maik@atvest.is

19. Data source: LMI.is Processing: Maik Brötzmann The Westfjords 56 fjords and bays, coastline length 2,981km (Guðmundsson, 2012) 6.955 people in 15 villages and settlements (Hagstofa, 2012) “European Destination of Excellence” (European Commission, 2010) 46 recreational vessels are registered within the Westfjords, 5 sailing yachts – all located in Ísafjörður (Personal Communication Siglingastofnun, January 2013)

20. Data source: Tæknideild Ísafjarðabæjar; Processing: Maik Brötzmann Ísafjörður – Settings 3.755 people in Ísafjarðarbær (Hagstofa, 2012) Currently: 10 locally owned S/Y’s, several motorized recreational vessels outside recreational fisheries use

21. Other Conclusions Prospect for Marina Development in Iceland Fishing industry-related marine infrastructures exists around the island. They provide safe harbors, minor repair services, and basic supplies, Vessel ownership and visitor numbers are unlikely to reach the volume similar to established yachting destinations. At present, stand-alone business marinas will only be economically viable, if at all, in high-populated areas that offer: an attractive, safe, close-by, and unrivaled water space with quick sailing water entry; generous land space; advanced marine service infrastructure; general amenities and land-based infrastructure; and, potential for larger long-term customer numbers. Services offered inside the marina must be those required, needed, demanded, or requested by customers and outperform comparable ones offered in its vicinity to validate its price tag necessary for survival. The capital region and the Eyjafjörður area (Akureyri) are currently the only alternative prospects to Ísafjörður since their features include attractive local sailing grounds and advanced infrastructure. Iceland has the opportunity to establish a nationwide acting leisure vessel based recreational industry sector. Maik@atvest.is

22. Simplified theoretical BLT model for private nautical tourism in Ísafjörður. *Public and Private Sector Broker, ^Associated with On-site Broker

23. Selected References Addison P.F.E., N.A. Knott, and M.J. Keough, 2008: Spatially variable effects of copper on sessile invertebrates across a marina. Journ. of Exp. Mar. Bio. a. Ecol., 2008, Vol 364. Akis S., N. Peristianis, and J. Warner, 1996: Resident’s attitude to tourism development: The Case of Cyprus. Tourism Management, Vol 19, No 7. EEAA, 2005: Guidelines for Development of Ports, Harbors, and Marinas. Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency, Prepared by Entec UK Ltd. Fraumann E. and S. Banks, 2011: Gateway Community Resident Perceptions of Tourism Development: Incorporating Importance-Performance Analysis into Limits of Acceptable Change Framework. Tourism Management, Vol 32. Garrod B. and J.C. Wilson, 2003: Marine ecotourism: issues and experiences.Clevedon, UK: Channel View. Getz D. and P.A. Nilson, 2003: Response of family business to extreme seasonality in demand: the case of Bornholm, Denmark. Tourism Management, 2004, Vol 25. Grenier A.A., 2007: The Diversity of Polar Tourism: Some Changes Facing the Industry in Rovaniemi. Polar Geography, Vol 30. Hall, C.M. and J. Saarinen, 2010: Polar Tourism and Change: Climate, Environments and Experiences. London: Routledge. Howard J., 2000: Handbook of offshore cruising; the dream and reality of modern ocean cruising. Sheridan House Inc., NY, USA. Second Edition. ISBN: 1574090933. HübnerA., 2009: Tourist Images of Greenland and the Arctic: A Perception Analysis. Polar Record, Vol 45. Jennings G., 2007: Water-Based Tourism, Sport, Leisure, and Recreation Experiences. Butterworth-Heinemann, Burlington, USA. ISBN 075066181X.

24. Selected References Jensen Ø., 2007: IMO Guidelines for Ships operating in Arctic Ice-covered Waters. From Voluntary to Madatory Tool for Navigation Safety and Environmental Protection? FNI rapport 2/2007, Fridjof Nansen Institute, Norway. ISBN: 9788276135053. JugovicA., M. Kovacic, and A. Hadžic, 2011: Sustainable Development Model for Nautical Tourism Ports. Tourism and Hospitality Management, Vol17, No 2. Lloyd’s, 2012: Arctic Opening: Opportunity and Risk in the High North; Lloyd’s and Chatham House, general information report, Retrieved April 2012 from: www.lloyds.com. Luković, T., 2012: Nautical Tourism and its Function in the Economic Development of Europe. In: Visions for Global Tourism Industry – Creating and Sustaining Competitive Strategies. Kasimoglu M. (ed). ISBN: 9789535105206. Lück M., 2007: Nautical Tourism: Concepts and Issues. Cognizant Communication Corporation, New York (2007), ISBN: 1882345509. Orams M., 1999: Marine Tourism: Development, Impacts and Management. Routledge. ISBN 0415139384. Patterson T., S. Bastianoni, and M. Simpson, 2006: Tourism and Climate Change: Two-way Street or vicious/virtuous circle? Journal of Sustainable Tourism, Vol 14, No 4. Payeras M., M. Jacob, M.A. García, M. Alemany, A. Alcover, and L. Martínez-Ribes, 2011: The Yachting Charter Tourism SWOT: A Basic Analysis to Design Marketing Strategies. Tourismos, November 2011, Vol 6, No 3. Robinson K., 2009: Marinas: The Tourism Aspect of Leisure Boating. Tourism Insights, online paper publications, march 2009. Received November 2012 from: www.insights.org.uk. Stebbins R. A., 1992: Amateurs, professionals and serious leisure. Montreal, QC: McGill-Queen's University Press. TosunC., 2001: Host Perceptions of Impacts: A comparative Tourism Study. Annals of Tourism Research, Vol 29, No 1.