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Types of Production

Types of Production. From live multi-camera to single-camera film style. Multi-camera Live and Live-to-tape. Multi-camera - more than one camera 2-30) Live - telecast/transmitted live, as in right now, as it’s happening (tape delay included) Examples?

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Types of Production

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  1. Types of Production From live multi-camera to single-camera film style

  2. Multi-camera Liveand Live-to-tape • Multi-camera - more than one camera 2-30) • Live - telecast/transmitted live, as in right now, as it’s happening (tape delay included) • Examples? • Live-to-tape - event/performance occurring live but not broadcast live, recorded to tape instead (concert, interview show) • Examples?

  3. Multi-camera Liveand Live-to-tape • "switched" (edited) as the show progresses • studio or field • more economical (generally) • compromise aesthetics to account for multiple camera angles

  4. Multi-camera Liveand Live-to-tape • Requires a video switcher • Crew must work together, director ‘calls the shots’ • 2-30 cameras at once

  5. Multi-camera Liveand Live-to-tape • Main personnel: • Director - calls shot changes, graphics, controls production • Technical director - executes director’s commands • Assistant director - assists in setting up shots, keeping operation smooth, times segments

  6. Multi-camera Liveand Live-to-tape • Main personnel: • Character generator operator - CG • Audio director/engineer • Floor director - manages studio floor • Camera operators

  7. Single Camera (film style) • shot in field, edited in "post" • news, drama, documentary, narrative • more expensive & time consuming • more artistic control • Examples?

  8. Single Camera (film style) • Some Key Personnel • Depends on type of production - news, documentary, narrative • Director - overall creative control • Producer - role varies • News magazine story - primary researcher and story coordinator • Documentary - manager and coordinator of production, travel, crew • Narrative - less involvement w/creative side

  9. Single Camera (film style) • Some Key Personnel • Field Producer • Talent • Reporter/correspondent (news) • Camera Operator/DP

  10. Multi-camera/multi-VTR • More than one camera, all recorded independently, then combined in post-production • Some interviews • Some dramatic/comedy shows/films

  11. Production media - Film • 8, 16, 35 mm film • Chemical/physical process;   expose,  develop,  transfer to digital • Film choice: grain, contrast, low light, resolution • Generally more expensive, higher quality

  12. Production media - Film • Always edited in post: developed/printed, transferred to digital files, edited on computer then transferred back to film • Better contrast ratio (light vs. dark areas in frame) • Aesthetically "past" -  tends to have 'historic' look even if shot last week

  13. Production Media: Video"broadcast quality" vs. home • Formats • Broadcast quality - HD, Beta, BetaSP, DigiBeta, MII, DVCPro, DVC Cam • Lower broadcast quality / "Prosumer"  - mini DV, HD, SVHS*, Hi8*, 3-chip • Consumer grade - VHS*, 8mm*, VHS-C*, 1-chip DV • *On the verge of extinction

  14. Production media: Video • Electronic vs. chemical • Light "transduced" into electrical signal, digital code • 3-chip vs. 1-chip • Contrast ratio, resolution problems relative to film • Immediate production, immediacy

  15. Production media: Video • Less expensive (in general) • Perceived lower quality (in general) • Aesthetically "present" -  tends to have a 'present' look even if shot years ago • 24 frame emulation - gives video a “filmic” look (relatively new development) • Smaller and smaller high quality cameras

  16. Production media: Video • High definition emerging as a standard for acquisition (cameras) • Amazing resolution, color, clarity • More cable systems offering HD, more broadcast stations • HD cams from $3000 and up (not that expensive) • But UNCW still can’t afford it! ;^)

  17. Production Media - Summary • UNCW Student Productions use miniDV • Field video cams include: • Canon XL2 (1) • Panasonic DVX 100 (3) • Canon XL1 (1) • Canon GL1 (2) • Studio is capable of recording in miniDV or DVC PRO (DVC PRO is higher quality and standard for local stations)

  18. Production Media - Summary • HD production is much more affordable than before but cost still prohibitive - cameras, media storage space, monitors, etc…

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