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Situation: the autotrophs have produced sugar and oxygen. Energy

Situation: the autotrophs have produced sugar and oxygen. Energy 6CO2 + 6H 2 O  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 Now – how do we RELEASE the energy in that sugar?. ATP. Need to turn the sugar into ATP is the cell’s energy molecule. What Does ATP Do for You?.

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Situation: the autotrophs have produced sugar and oxygen. Energy

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  1. Situation: the autotrophs have produced sugar and oxygen. Energy 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2 Now – how do we RELEASE the energy in that sugar?

  2. ATP • Need to turn the sugar into • ATP is the cell’s energy molecule

  3. What Does ATP Do for You? It supplies YOU withENERGY!

  4. Adenine P P Adenine P P How Do We Get Energy From ATP? By breaking the last P – P bond P P

  5. How Does That Happen? An Enzyme! ATPase

  6. When is ATP Made in the Body? • During cellular respiration • both plants & animals do it!

  7. Cellular Respiration:releasing the energy in food as ATP

  8. Question: • In what kinds organisms does cellular respiration take place?

  9. ATP Cellular Respiration is the reverse of photosynthesis C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O+ energy

  10. What are the Stages of Cellular Respiration? In cytoplasm 1. Glycolysis (sugar is split) In mitochondria: 2. The Krebs Cycle (citric acid cycle) 3. The Electron Transport Chain

  11. ETC Krebs Cycle Glycolysis

  12. Look at textbook pp 222 - 228

  13. Step 1: Glycolysis Glucose 2 pyruvic acid C-C-C-C-C-C C-C-C + C-C-C • http://www.northland.cc.mn.us/biology/Biology1111/animations/glycolysis.html

  14. Mitochondria • Organellewhere cellular respirationtakes place.

  15. Step 2: Kreb’s Cycle C-C-C CO2 & a whole bunch of NADHs http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/krebs.html

  16. Electron Transport Chain • High energy electrons used to convert ADP to ATP • http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/etc.html

  17. CR: 36 NET ATP Glycolysis C-C-C-C-C-C C-C-C O2 ETC Krebs Cycle CO2 + NADH ATP + H2O

  18. Animation of CR:qcc.cuny.edu/BiologicalSciences/Faculty/DMeyer/respiration.htmlhttp://scholar.hw.ac.uk/site/biology/activity3.asp

  19. But what happens when there is no oxygen present?

  20. Only Glycolysis can occur O2 Glycolysis C-C-C-C-C-C C-C-C ETC Krebs Cycle

  21. Fermentation Occurs when O2isNOTpresent AKA anaerobic respiration Two types: Lactic Acid fermentation(muscle cells) Alcoholic fermentation(yeast) • Nets only 2 ATP (instead of 36)

  22. Lactic Acid Fermentation • Animals (pain in muscle after workout) C C C C CC C C C C C C Glycolysis Pyruvic acid Lactic Acid glucose

  23. Alcohol Fermentation • Plants and Fungi  beer and wine C C C C CC C C C C C Glycolysis Pyruvic acid Ethanol glucose

  24. Aerobic or Anaerobic Respiration

  25. Question: • Glucose (carbohydrate) is the main source of food for making ATP from cellular respiration. • What other food molecules can be used in Cellular Respiration?

  26. Other organic molecules used for fuel: 1. Carbohydrates:polysaccharides 2. Fats:glycerols and fatty acids 3. Proteins:amino acids

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