Do you know your DNA ?

1. Do you know your DNA ?

2. Aims: • Offer hands-on experience of carrying out electrophoresis suitable for use with early secondary school pupils • Increase awareness and understanding of the use of DNA profiling • Highlight the role of chromosomes in inheritance and genetic disorders • Explore how such practical work may support a Curriculum for Excellence

4. Masculinity guardian revealed Scientists in the US have published the results of their detailed scrutiny of the genetic sequence of the human Y chromosome. 'Spit kits' for bus drivers Bus drivers in the west of Scotland are to be issued with "spit kits" in an effort to cut the number of assaults. The DNA swab packs …. Rape charge after mass DNA search Wee Waa Panthers rugby team took part in testing Genes could stop women quittingA woman's genes may scupper any attempts to give up smoking using a nicotine patch, a study suggests

6. Can you Match Them? Description Image Name

7. Taken from: http://www.nia.nih.gov

9. Role of chromosomes and genes in inheritance The Wonderful Wizardry of Finding a Gene

10. All wizards have a pair of green chromosomes. The genes on these give different magical powers

12. The green chromosomes can be tested to see which genes they contain. • Transfiguration • Psychokinesis • Evil • Vanish • Creation

13. The activity: • 4 stages: • Preparing the gel • Loading the gel • Running the gel • Identification of the bands

14. Diagram: Dean Madden NCBE • Agar gel • Add 0.6 g agar to 20 cm3 water • Melt on hotplate • Allow to cool • Place 4-well comb into tank • Pour agar into gel tank (take care not to overflow central tank) • Allow to solidify • Cover with water Pouring a gel 3% molten agar

15. molecules molecules molecules Electrophoresis

16. When loaded on to a gel and an electric current is applied, the preparation from the green chromosomes will produce different coloured bands

17. Warpleberry (W) Fangorblood(F) Crawming (C) Payningal (P) • You have been given a preparation of green chromosome extract from each wizard • Use the technique of gel electrophoresis to find out the magic powers that each wizard possesses.

18. Diagram: Dean Madden NCBE Using the microsyringes 20 µl sample per well (2 x 10 µl)

19. Using the microsyringes • Never pull the plunger out of the microsyringe • Before loading, pull out the plunger a little (1 – 2 mm) • When dispensing liquid, hold the microsyringe as near to vertical as possible and at eye level • Remove the droplet of liquid from the end of the microsyringe tip by touching the inner wall of the microtube • Do not touch the point of the microsyringe tip with your fingers

20. wells • F • W • C • P Diagram: Dean Madden NCBE 20 µl per well (2 x 10 µl)

21. Diagram: Dean Madden NCBE • Fit one electrode at each end of the tank. Running the gel

22. Running the gel

23. Place gel tank in large electrophoresis tank and fit wires with crocodile clips Running the gel Wire up to batteries (negative nearest wells) Run for 30 minutes

24. Role of chromosomes and genes in inheritance

25. http://www.decodeme.com/

26. https://www.23andme.com/

27. http://www.genetic-health.co.uk/

28. Do you want to know a secret? Based on Science Museum learning activity: sciencemuseum.org.uk/educators

29. Who would you trust with your DNA? http://www.genejury.biology.ed.ac.uk/databaseD9.html

31. ‘Wizard Genes’ From the results, what can you tell about each wizard? Role of chromosomes and genes in inheritance Apply the Science!

32. Importance of gel electrophoresis: • Gene identification, manipulation & sequencing (genomics) • Protein isolation and identification (proteomics) Pupils’ familiarity with images & use of DNA profiling: • Forensic science - television programmes, newspapers • Paternity/relationships Wizard Genes - rationale

33. Forensics

34. Paternity disputes

35. Maternity disputes?

36. Identification Richard III ?