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II. The Gas Laws BOYLES CHARLES GAY-LUSSAC

V. T. P. Ch. 12 - Gases. II. The Gas Laws BOYLES CHARLES GAY-LUSSAC. A. Boyle’s Law. P. V. The pressure and volume of a gas are inversely related at constant mass & temp. P 1 V 1 =P 2 V 2. A. Boyle’s Law. B. Charles’ Law. V. T.

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II. The Gas Laws BOYLES CHARLES GAY-LUSSAC

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  1. V T P Ch. 12 - Gases II. The Gas LawsBOYLESCHARLESGAY-LUSSAC

  2. A. Boyle’s Law P V • The pressure and volume of a gas are inversely related • at constant mass & temp P1V1=P2V2

  3. A. Boyle’s Law

  4. B. Charles’ Law V T • The volume and absolute temperature (K) of a gas are directly related • at constant mass & pressure V1 =V2 T1 = T2

  5. B. Charles’ Law

  6. C. Gay-Lussac’s Law P T • The pressure and absolute temperature (K) of a gas are directly related • at constant mass & volume P1 = P2 T1 T2

  7. D. Combined Gas Law P1V1 T1 P2V2 T2 = P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

  8. E. Gas Law Problems • A gas occupies 100. mL at 150. kPa. Find its volume at 200. kPa. BOYLE’S LAW GIVEN: V1 = 100. mL P1 = 150. kPa V2 = ? P2 = 200. kPa P V WORK: P1V1T2 = P2V2T1 (150.kPa)(100.mL)=(200.kPa)V2 V2 = 75.0 mL

  9. E. Gas Law Problems • A gas occupies 473 cm3 at 36°C. Find its volume at 94°C. CHARLES’ LAW GIVEN: V1 = 473 cm3 T1 = 36°C = 309K V2 = ? T2 = 94°C = 367K T V WORK: P1V1T2 = P2V2T1 (473 cm3)(367 K)=V2(309 K) V2 = 562 cm3

  10. E. Gas Law Problems • A gas’ pressure is 765 torr at 23°C. At what temperature will the pressure be 560. torr? GAY-LUSSAC’S LAW GIVEN: P1 = 765 torr T1 = 23°C = 296K P2 = 560. torr T2 = ? P T WORK: P1V1T2 = P2V2T1 (765 torr)T2 = (560. torr)(309K) T2 = 226 K = -47°C

  11. F. STP Standard Temperature & Pressure 0°C273 K 1 atm101.325 kPa -OR- STP

  12. E. Gas Law Problems • A gas occupies 7.84 cm3 at 71.8 kPa & 25°C. Find its volume at STP. COMBINED GAS LAW P T V GIVEN: V1=7.84 cm3 P1=71.8 kPa T1=25°C = 298 K V2=? P2=101.325 kPa T2=273 K WORK: P1V1T2 = P2V2T1 (71.8 kPa)(7.84 cm3)(273 K) =(101.325 kPa)V2 (298 K) V2 = 5.09 cm3

  13. Solve • Divers get “the bends” if they come up too fast because gas in their blood expands, forming bubbles in their blood. If a diver has 0.05 L of gas in his blood under a pressure of 250 atm, then rises instantaneously to a depth where his blood has a pressure of 50.0 atm, what will the volume of gas in his blood be? Do you think this will harm the diver?

  14. Solve • On hot days, you may have noticed that potato chip bags seem to “inflate”, even though they have not been opened. If I have a 250 mL bag at a temperature of 19 0C, and I leave it in my car which has a temperature of 600 C, what will the new volume of the bag be?

  15. Solve • A gas is heated from 263.0 K to 298.0 K and the volume is increased from 24.0 liters to 35.0 liters by moving a large piston within a cylinder. If the original pressure was 1.00 atm, what would the final pressure be?

  16. Solve • A gas with a volume of 4.0L at a pressure of 205kPa is allowed to expand to a volume of 12.0L. What is the pressure in the container if the temperature remains constant?

  17. Solve • A gas has a pressure of 699.0 mm Hg at 40.0 °C. What is the temperature at standard pressure?

  18. Solve • I have added 15 L of air to a balloon at sea level (1.0 atm). If I take the balloon with me to Denver, where the air pressure is 0.85 atm, what will the new volume of the balloon be?

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