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Session 5 : E-PRTR QUALITY CONTROL/QUALITY ASSESSMENT Iksan van der Putte

Session 5 : E-PRTR QUALITY CONTROL/QUALITY ASSESSMENT Iksan van der Putte. E-PRTR Regulation (EC 166/2006). Quality assurance Operators are responsible for the quality of the information that they report. completeness, consistency credibility. E-PRTR data inclusion in

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Session 5 : E-PRTR QUALITY CONTROL/QUALITY ASSESSMENT Iksan van der Putte

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  1. Session 5 :E-PRTR QUALITY CONTROL/QUALITY ASSESSMENT Iksan van der Putte

  2. E-PRTR Regulation (EC 166/2006)

  3. Quality assurance Operators are responsible for the quality of the information that they report. • completeness, • consistency • credibility E-PRTR data inclusion in EMAS or ISO 14001 is possible Competent authorities have to assess quality and Commission coordinates quality assurance and assessment Validation Tool ? The Commission will deliver an appropriate validation tool in due time to the Member Statesin order to facilitate the transfer of the data.

  4. Credibility Credibility refers to the authenticity, reliability, comparibility and transparency of the data The competent authorities have the duty to assess the quality of information provided by the operators In order to ensure the quality of the data reported, facilities may wish to take the information provided in the IPPC monitoring BREF into account

  5. IPPC Monitoring BREF • The main quality considerations may include: • Traceabilityof the measurements’ results to a reference specified by the competent • authorities, this includes calibration of the monitoring system when relevant. • Maintenanceof the monitoring system. • For self-monitoring, the use of recognised Quality Management Systemsand • periodic checks by an external Accreditedlaboratory. • Certificationof instruments and personnel under recognised certification schemes. • Updating of monitoring requirements

  6. Monitoring data production chain consists of the following seven steps: 1. Flow measurement. 2. Sampling. 3. Storage, transport and preservation of the sample. 4. Sample treatment. 5. Sample analysis. 6. Data processing. 7. Reporting of data. The practical value of the measurements and the monitoring data depends on the degree of confidence, i.e. reliability, that can be placed on the results, and their validity when compared to other results from other plants, i.e. comparability. Therefore, it is important to ensure the appropriate reliability and comparability of the data.

  7. Shematic of quality of emission data

  8. Competent authorities have to assess quality…….. DATA VERIFICATION/Validation/Management Ref. Monitoring Analyze duplicate or split samples Inspecting the laboratories that are analyzing samples Inspecting the regulated entities, including their sampling and analyzing procedures Random, unprogrammed check monitoring Ref. Reporting Timeliness Uniformity format Completeness Reliability R Data Management: electronic or hard copy filing

  9. Example Bulgaria RIEW: Regional Inspectorate for Environment and Water MOEW: Ministry of Environment and Water • ExEA: Executive Environment Agency; EEA: European Environment Agency

  10. Example the NETHERLANDS The e-MJV system: ELECTRONIC ANNUAL REPORTING • An intelligent form (100+ pages) • Many checks and balances • A central database with the historical and new data • A web-site (public and non-public part) to: • Give user support (additional helpdesk) • Reporting of data (to spreadsheets) • Reporting of status information

  11. Example the NETHERLANDS: Electr. Ann. Rep. Technology used • Disconnected tax-form • Visual Basic application on CD or download • Synchronising via internet • XML, Soap toolkit, 128 bit encryption, SSL • Oracle database • Hosting in subnet, at least three components (firewalls) between internet and the (Oracle) database • Authentication via login, password and pin-code • (ldap) Verisign certification (comparable with financial transactions)

  12. Example the NETHERLANDS: Electr. Ann. Rep./ eMJV) The four components of the Dutch Environmental eMJV) 1. A Visual Basic client application communicating directly with the central database 2. Web-services (for non anonymous use) and a central database 3. A non anonymous secure website • Company (700 in the Netherlands), • Receives CD with a Visual Basic application • Receives a letter with username, password, pincode • After installing the application connects with the central database • Receives the historical data • Uses the VB-application to fills in the form • Sends the current year to the central database Data layer 128 bit SSL, HTTPS For reporting, status information, Up- and downloads of XML files and CSV-files, FAQ list Oracle opslag Internet Oracle DBMS Application layer DotNet + IIS HTTP 128 bit SSL, HTTPS, SOAP, XML Presentation layer 4. A public website 128 bit SSL, HTTPS, SOAP, XML Www.rivm.mnp.nl I-Planet ent. Webserver HP UX Internet Internet For general information • (Local) authorities and supporting organisations (200 in the Netherlands) • Receives CD with a Visual Basic application, an username, password, pincode • After installing this application connects with the central database • Receives the historical data and the forms of this year of the companies under their authority • Use the same VB-application to judge the information, they can approve, ask for changes etc. • All communications goes via the central database

  13. PIX firewall Storage Physical infrastructure Identification & Authentication Blue Blackt Red Win 2000 UNIX ICT architectuur of the Dutch Environmental eMJV Companies, (Local) authorities, supporting organisations Non-anonymous internet zone www.rivm.nl Iplanet ent. webserver SUN/UX Reverse Proxy (iChain) Data layer SSL • Caching • SSL en/decoding • Tokens / certif. Oracle HTTP Internet SSL, HTTP HTTP HTTP Oracle DBMS Application layer • Cisco PIX firewall • IP filtering • Tunix firewall • application filtering (HTTP) • application logging • anti spoofing mechanisme • loggen of source-routed pakketten VPN, LDAP authorisation www.emjv.nl/beveiligd DotNet + IIS LDAP HTTP For authentication Presentation layer • Cisco PIX firewall • IP filtering • only known ports Www.rivm.mnp.nl I-Planet ent. Webserver HP UX FO/ I, Deloitte & Touche

  14. Monitoring and Reporting (M&R) principles under EU ETS scheme Completeness(all sources in Annex I to Directive 2003/87/EC) Consistency(comparable over time;same methods) Cost effectiveness(highest achievable accuracy, no excessive costs) Faithfulness(verified emission report is true in what it should represent) Improvementof performance in monitoring and reporting emissions (Verified emission report should lead to better performance in M&R) Transparency(in obtaining, recording, compiling,analysing and documenting of data for verifier and CA) Trueness(with appropriate monitoring methodologies and assessment of uncertainties)

  15. Example ETS enforcement system in the Netherlands

  16. MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY 6.5 mg/Nm3 alone gives no indication of the range of possible concentrations. 6.5 ± 0.3mg/Nm3 clearly defines the range of possible concentrations. the “true” concentration would be likely to lie within the range 6.2 – 6.8 mg/Nm3 with a defined degree of confidence, typically 95% for which it can be assumed that 95times out of 100 the result would be within those bounds

  17. LCP Directive ANNEX VIII- Methods of measurements of emissions From 27 November 2002 and without prejudice to Article 18(2) Competent authorities shall require continuous measurements of concentrations of SO2, NOx, and dust from waste gases from each combustion plant with a rated thermal input of 100 MW or more.

  18. ANNEX VIII A.6 QUALITY The values of the 95 % confidence intervals of a single measured result shall not exceed the following percentages of the emission limit values: Sulphur dioxide 20 % Nitrogen oxides 20 % Dust 30 % Any day in which more than three hourly average values are invalid due to malfunction or maintenance of the continuous measurement system shall be invalidated. If more than ten days over a year are invalidated for such situations the competent authority shall require the operator to take adequate measures to improve the reliability of the continuous monitoring system.

  19. Directives: LCPD, WID The Directives define the requirements for monitoring of large combustion plant and waste incineration plant. The directives place requirements on the use of CEN standard methods where these exist. If relevant CEN standards do not exist then a hierarchy of standards may be used, with preference for ISO or other Internationally recognised standards, followed by National Standards, such as those produced by BSI, VDI, ASTM or the US EPA, and finally other methods

  20. Standard Reference Methods for Monitoring Standard reference methods have been developed by CEN and ISO, which address all of the determinants covered by the LCDP and WID. These include Particulates (Total dust) Low levels < 50 mg/m3 EN 13284-1 High levels > 50 mg/m3 ISO 9096 Nitrogen oxides EN 14792 Carbon monoxide EN 15058 Sulphur dioxide EN 14791 Total organic carbon EN 12619 Hydrogen chloride EN 1911 Hydrogen fluoride ISO 15713 Oxygen EN 14789 Water vapour EN 14790

  21. Standard Reference Conditions Oxygen The combustion of a carbon-based fuel consumes oxygen. The 21% oxygen content present in the combustion air that is fed to a furnace will be depleted to some lower level in the exhaust gas. The interpretation clause of IPPC licenses typically require emission data to be reported at reference oxygen conditions that are defined according the fuel type, for example: _ Gas and liquid fuels 3% ref O2 _ Solid fuels 6% ref O2 _ Waste incineration 11% ref O2 _ Other fuels (e.g. fume thermal oxidiser):- The application of reference oxygen conditions will be determined on a case-by-case basis. _ Emissions from all sources: Temperature 273.15K, Pressure101.325kPa

  22. CONTINUOUS EMISSION MONITORING SYSTEMSCEMS SYSTEMS Continuous Emission Monitoring System consists of: 1. system for automatic measuring systems for measuring and monitoring • AMS –AutomatedMeasuring System 2. system for automatic evaluation systems for the calculation of emissions • AES – AutomatedEvaluation System AMS Data AES Ref.Dr. Jurij Čretnik, RACI d.o.o., SLOVENIA Energy Community Treaty to SEE Kosovo Seminar2006

  23. EU DIRECTIVES REQUIRE UNIFORMOPERATIONAL MONITORING INSIDE THE EU • for Automated Measuring Systems requirements arevery complex • selection of AMS is left to the user • existing level of AMS in EU, and also inside the EU member states, is very different • to improve and to uniform the emission measuring inside EU, CEN has prepared and published a new standard: • EN 14181:2004Stationary source emissions,Quality assurance of automated measuring systems. induced by: • EU directive 2001/80/EC: On the limitation of emissions of certain pollutants into the air from large combustion plants - LCPD • EU directive 2000/76/EC: On the incineration of waste -WID

  24. EN 14181 IS EUROPEAN QA STANDARDFOR AUTOMATIC MEASURING EQUIPMENT EN 14181 defines three so called quality assurance levels (QAL) andan annual surveillance test (AST) for automatic emission monitors: QAL 1: Requirement for use of automatic measuring equipment thathas had its suitability tested (The QAL 1 test complies with EN ISO 14956); QAL 2: Installation of automatic measuring device (AMS),calibration of AMS using the standard reference measuring method (SRM), determination of measuring uncertainty/variability of AMS andcheck for observance of present measuring uncertainties; QAL 3: Continuous quality assurance by the operator(drift and precision of the AMS, verification on control card); AST: Annual surveillance test including SRM measurementto check the uncertainty of the AMS values.

  25. EN 14181 FOUR LEVELS OF QUALITY ASSURANCE

  26. QAL 3 QAL 1 QAL 2 Annual Testing AST EN 14181SIMPLIFIED SuitabilityTest Installation Calibration Continuous Testing Producer Operator Operator

  27. QAL 2 QAL 1 AST QAL 3 EN 14181SIMPLIFIED 2 Instrument Certification Calibration On-going QA Zero and Span Linearity CheckCalibration Check prEN 15267-3 Certification of AMS PurchaseInstallation 1 Year EN 14956 Time

  28. Illustration of ranges appropriate for QAL1 testing.

  29. CEMS SYSTEM IN TE-TOL, SLOVENIATERMOELEKTRARNA TOPLARNA LJUBLJANA REMOTE WORKPLACE COMMAND ROOM ROOM 111 LABORATORY KPV ETHERNET ETHERNET MODEM MODEM PHONE LINE OLM PC WITH EMIDATE REMOTE TES – SYSTEM TETOL PC WITH EMIDATE CLIENT PC WITH EMIDATE SERVER EXPANSION POSSIBLE OPTICAL LINK INTERNET- LINK PROFIBUS STANDARD CABLE 250 m PROFIBUS STANDARD CABLE PROFIBUS STANDARD CABLE 200 m www.te-tol.si/zacetek.htm LOCATION: VKLM1, VKLM2, BKG1, BKG2 LOCATION: K1,K2 LOCATION: K3 LOCATION: DIMNIK DISPLAY Šubičeva ulica, LJUBLJANA OLM 30 m ET 200M ET 200M ET 200M ET 200M DATA ACQUISITION DATA ACQUISITION DATA ACQUISITION DATA ACQUISITION AMS 2 AMS 3 DISPLAY Zaloška cesta, LJUBLJANA EXPANSION POSSIBLE AMS 1 Ref.Dr. Jurij Čretnik, RACI d.o.o., SLOVENIA Energy Community Treaty to SEE Kosovo Seminar2006

  30. Chemiluminescence Analysers Chemiluminescence is the emission of light energy that results from a chemical reaction. It was found in the late 1960s that the reaction of NO and ozone (O3) produced infrared radiation from about 500 to 3000nm. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) does not undergo this reaction and must be reduced to NO before it can be measured by this method. Most commercial analysers contain a converter that catalytically reduces NO2 to NO. The NO (converted from NO2) plus the original NO in the sample is then reacted with O3 as described above to give a total NO + NO2 (NOx) reading.

  31. Surrogate parameters for checking monitoring systems • (b) qualitative surrogates • the temperature of the combustion chamber of a • thermal incinerator and the residence time (or flow rate) • - the temperature of the catalyst in a catalytic incinerator • the measurement of CO or total VOC of the flue gas • from an incinerator • (c) indicative surrogates. • temperature of the gas flow from a condenser • pressure drop, flow rate, pH and humidity of a • compost filtration unit • - pressure drop and visual inspection of a fabric filter

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