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HAPL Reactor Targets: Baseline Specifications and Future Options

HAPL Reactor Targets: Baseline Specifications and Future Options. L. J. Perkins, M. Tabak, C. Bibeau, R.Beach, A. Ladran, C.Barty, J. Harte (LLNL) J. Sethian, A. Schmitt (NRL) R. Betti, C. Zhou ( University of Rochester) High Average Power Laser Program Meeting

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HAPL Reactor Targets: Baseline Specifications and Future Options

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  1. HAPL Reactor Targets: Baseline Specifications and Future Options L. J. Perkins, M. Tabak, C. Bibeau, R.Beach, A. Ladran, C.Barty, J. Harte (LLNL) J. Sethian, A. Schmitt (NRL) R. Betti, C. Zhou (University of Rochester) High Average Power Laser Program Meeting LLE, University of Rochester, November 8, 2005

  2. KrF (0.248m), DPSSL (3) I=I0cos260beams 800A Au/Pd 5m CH zoom-2 Power zoom-1 DT + 100mg/cc CH foam 0.25Pmax prepulse 2.295mm 425TW 1.0 0.1 0.01 350TW 2.114mm DT fuel 1.780mm 57:1 foot DT gas Time 22.4ns 350MJ-Class HAPL Baseline Target; Nov ‘05 IFARs @ 2/3r0~31, CRs~33, Vmax~2.9e7cm/s, abl~3.6 @ 2/3r0, fuel~1.21 @ max KE http://aries.ucsd.edu/HAPL/DOCS/

  3. Particles per unit energy (#/keV) Particle kinetic energy (keV) 5MJ x-rays (1.3%) 274MJ neutrons (75%) 88MJ ions (24%) = 365 + 2.5 MJ HAPL Baseline Target: Output (Threat) Spectra and Energy Accounting at 100ns http://aries.ucsd.edu/HAPL/DOCS/

  4. Nominal Gain Curves * G~a(E-b)0.585 Gain Curve for Fixed Baseline Target Design Gain increasing (ignition delayed) Baseline design point 4w (0.25mm) 3w (0.35mm) Target gain Velocity insufficent to create hotspot Target gain ~350MJ yield Over-driven (ignites before fully assembled) Driver energy (MJ) Driver energy (MJ) Target Gain Curves * KrF: a=90.6, b=0.138 DPSSL at 3: a=67.8, b=0.210 http://aries.ucsd.edu/HAPL/DOCS/

  5. US Achieves Fusion Ignition! NIF Achieves Ignition in ca. 2010: Are we on a Path to Attractive Inertial Fusion Energy ? (1) Get the driver energy down and target gains up Reduced capital cost and complexity (2) Avoid 4-Pi illumination geometries? Compact chambers Simple beam geometries, buildings (3) Can we employ thick liquid walls???  Lifetime walls, no “refueling” outages  No advanced material programs or radiation test facilities needed  Shallow disposal of Class-C wastes (4) Advanced energy conversion and fuels (no steam cycles)?  Advanced targets!!

  6. Westinghouse AP600 ALWR (600MWe) GE PRISM ALMR (300MWe) ~1m liq. LiBeF HYLIFE HI-IFE (1000MWe) Westinghouse AP1300 ALWR (1300MWe) How To Make Fusion Look More Like Fission

  7. How To Make Fusion Look More Like Fission Westinghouse AP600 ALWR (600MWe) GE PRISM ALMR (300MWe) ~1m liq. LiBeF HYLIFE HI-IFE (1000MWe) Westinghouse AP1300 ALWR (1300MWe)

  8. Direct Drive Indirect Drive Shock Ignition (Betti, Zhou (Nuckolls)) Fast Ignition (Tabak, …) Polar Direct Drive (Skupsky, Craxton,…) Two-Sided Direct Drive FI ? Candidate Advanced Targets for Laser IFE Compatible with non-4Pi illumination and liquid walls ??

  9. E = 2.5MJ 2.3mm IFAR(0)=4.0 Sat. 11/5 Gain~150@1MJ E = 0.97MJ 220kJ 750kJ 1.35mm IFAR(0)=1.5 E = 0.16MJ 100kJ 60kJ Power 0.70mm IFAR(0)=2.5 Time Shock FI Reactor Target Yield=120MJ Gain=125 @970kJ Max velocity=2e7cm/s IFAR(2/3r0) =10 (!) HAPL Baseline Reactor Target Yield=350MJ Gain=150@2.5MJ Max velocity=3.e7cm/s IFAR(2/3r0) =35 Shock FI Ignition Target Yield=10MJ Gain=70@160kJ Max velocity=2.5e7cm/s IFAR(2/3r0) =35 Shock Ignition: High Gain and Good Stability at Low Drive Energy Issues: - High intensity in shock - Will in work in I.D? (to scale)

  10. Conventional Direct Drive - 4Pi illumination - Gain ~125@3MJ - Drywall chamber 2-Sided Direct Drive* - 2-sided illumination - Gain ~250@0.8MJ w/ FI - Liquid wall chamber * Preliminary configuration Can Advanced Targets Lead to Smaller, Less Complex Reactor Configurations?

  11. Advanced targets Advanced Targets: Critical R&D Issues

  12. HAPL Direct Drive Target :Draft Laser/Target Specs – Nov ‘05 Sources: J.Perkins HAPL w/shop presentations UCLA (June 2004), PPPL (Oct 2004); D.Eimeral “Configuring the NIF for Direct Drive” UCRL-ID-120758 LLNL (1995); R.McCrory “NIF Direct-Drive Ignition Plan” plus briefing VGs (April 1999); LLE Reviews 98 p67, 79 p121, 84 181. S.Skupsky(LLE) pvte comm. (May 2005) * NIF indirect drive specs: 12nm (CH), 33nm (Be/Cu), 0.5mm (inner ice l>10) http://aries.ucsd.edu/HAPL/DOCS/

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