Anthony F. DiMarco , M.D . Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilition

1. Anthony F. DiMarco, M.D. Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilition Case Western Reserve University, MetroHealth Medical Center Cleveland, Ohio, USA

4. Facts About Breathing • You take a breath about 20,000 times a day (~ 12 breaths per minute) • We breath about 500 ml/breath • We breath 10,000 liters or 2500 gallons/day • We breath in over a billion small particles a day (1,000,000,000)

5. Chemicals

6. Exhaust

7. Sources of Air Pollution • Exhaust from Motor Vehicles • Emissions from Chemical Factories • Non-Chemical Industries • Waste Re-cycling • Smoking • Amount of pollution in steadily increasing every minute of every day

8. Pollutants • sulfur dioxide • nitrogen dioxide • nitric oxide • carbon monoxide • particulates • photochemical oxidants • ozone • toxic metals

9. Air Pollution Respiratory Health Effects • Short Term • Cough • Shortness of breath • Wheezing • Acute Bronchitis • Reversible reductions in lung function

10. Air Pollution Respiratory Health Effects • Long-term • Asthma • Chronic Bronchitis • Irreversible reductions in lung function • Emphysema • Increased susceptibility to infection

11. Air Pollution

12. Preventing and Reducing Air Pollution Clean Air Act and Amendments National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)

15. Thank you!